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Title Page

ABSTRACT

Contents

CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 12

1.1. Background and Research objectives 12

1.2. Research structure 14

CHAPTER 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 17

2.1. Research of container terminal efficiency 17

2.2. Research of container terminal efficiency using DEA 19

2.3. Research gap 24

CHAPTER 3. THE CONTEXT OF CONTAINER TRANSPORTATION AND CONTAINER TERMINALS IN HAI PHONG 28

3.1. Overview of container transportation and container terminals in Vietnam 28

3.2. Overview of transportation network and container terminals in Hai Phong 41

CHAPTER 4. METHODOLOGY 57

4.1. DEA - CCR 57

4.2. DEA - BCC 59

4.3. DEA Window 61

4.4. Super efficiency DEA 63

4.5. Data explaination 64

CHAPTER 5. CASE STUDY 72

5.1. DEA window analysis 74

5.2. DEA-CCR, DEA-BCC analysis 80

5.3. Super SBM efficiency DEA analysis 87

CHAPTER 6. CONCLUSION, LIMITATION AND FUTURE RESEARCH 97

6.1. Summary and implications 97

6.2. Limitations and future research 101

REFERENCES 103

List of Tables

Table 1. Recent DEA-based studies on port efficiency 22

Table 2. Total cargo throughput in 2012-2018 29

Table 3. Main characteristics of 6 groups 30

Table 4. Volume and market share of containerized cargo through seaports 36

Table 5. The container throughput of the main Vietnamese ports in 2019 37

Table 6. Container transport corridors in the Northern Vietnam 40

Table 7. Container transport corridors in the Southern Vietnam 40

Table 8. Main features of Hai Phong port system 42

Table 9. The list of current container terminals in Hai Phong 49

Table 10. The input and output variables of recent DEA-based studies on... 65

Table 11. Input and output variables of the research 72

Table 12. Statistical information of variables 72

Table 13. Results by DEA window analysis 77

Table 14. Results by DEA-CCR and DEA-BCC 82

Table 15. Return to scale results 86

Table 16. Results of Super SBM efficiency DEA 87

Table 17. Super SBM projections of container terminals 91

List of Figures

Figure 1. Research structure 16

Figure 2. Map of seaports in Vietnam dividing into 6 groups 30

Figure 3. Compounded Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of Container 2010-2018 34

Figure 4. Container throughput of ASEAN countries 35

Figure 5. Container transport corridors in Vietnam 39

Figure 6. Map of Hai Phong port system 1 45

Figure 7. Map of Hai Phong port system 2 45

Figure 8. Map of container terminals in Hai Phong 49

Figure 9. Schematic diagram of research flow 73

Figure 10. Trends of efficiency by DEA window analysis 80

Figure 11. Efficiency score chart by DEA-CCR 83

Figure 12. Efficiency score chart by DEA-BCC 84

초록보기

In the recent years, the sea port industry including six groups of ports has been strongly developing and playing a critical role in Vietnam's economy. The volume of container cargo through Vietnam's port system has greatly increased from 98 thousands TEUs in 1999 to 15 millions TEUs in 2019 (Vietnam Seaports Association, 2019). Modern and efficienct container terminals have become one of the most significant current discussions in keeping pace with the speedily rising demand of container cargo services. Hai Phong, one of the two largest port system in Vietnam, is the area containing the biggest container terminals in the Northern of Vietnam with nearly 100% container throughput of this region. Several studies have been made to investigate Vietnam's container terminals performance. Of those that have, some of them have evaluated the efficiceny of major terminals in Vietnam, others have focused on the Northern port system with only simple methods.

Hence, this study seeks to investigate the relative efficiency of fifteen container terminals in Hai Phong over ten year period (2010 - 2019). A set of data envelopment analysis (DEA) methods were used. First, window DEA was carried out to investigate dynamic changes in efficiency among the 15 container terminals on the basis of data spanning the period 2010 to 2019. Afterwards, two basic models, namely, DEA CCR (Charnes-Cooper-Rhodes) and DEA BCC (Banker-Charnes-Cooper), were used to examine the terminals' scale of efficiency in 2019. Finally, a detailed ranking comparison of all the terminals for 2019 was performed using a slacks-based measure of super efficiency in DEA. The window DEA results indicated that throughout the 10-year period, the most efficiently performing terminal was the Green Terminal, followed by Dinh Vu, Hai An, and PTSC Dinh Vu. In 2019, the Vip Green Terminal was the most efficient, whereas several terminals, such as Transvina, Doan Xa, Tan Cang 189, Tan Cang 128, Chua Ve, and Nam Hai, suffered tremendous scale-related losses. This study offers important insights into the comprehensive performance of 15 container terminals in Hai Phong. Changes in efficiency over 10 years were investigated, after which the terminals were ranked for 2019. These results play a crucial role in helping concerned stakeholders determine strategic decisions.

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