Title page
Contents
Abstract 4
Résumé 4
Foreword 5
Acknowledgements 6
1. Introduction 8
2. Growing flood risk and flood control grey infrastructure in Dynamic Asia and the Pacific 10
3. The benefits of nature-based solutions 14
4. Examples of NbS adoption to address flood risk in OECD countries 18
5. Challenges to NbS adoption in Dynamic Asia and the Pacific: Case studies 22
The case of Indonesia 23
The case of the Philippines 25
The case of the Mekong countries 27
The case of China 29
The case of South Asia 30
The case of the Pacific Island countries 31
6. Strengthening finance and insurance for NbS 33
7. Conclusion: An integrated and holistic approach to NbS implementation 37
References 38
Table 1. Comparison between grey infrastructure and NbS in flood risk management 14
Table 2. Benefits and challenges identified in NbS case studies in OECD countries 18
Figure 1. Flood events and damage in Dynamic Asia and the Pacific, 1980-2022 11
Figure 2. Recorded flood events in selected countries in Dynamic Asia and the Pacific, 1980-2022 11