Introduction: Assembling the Civilizational Jigsaw Giovanni Borgognone and Patricia Chiantera-Stutte1 Challenges to the West: Civilizational Theory, Imperialism, and Liberal Internationalism Patricia Chiantera-Stutte2 A Historian’s Approach to Civilization: Arnold J. Toynbee and the Study of International Affairs in the Twentieth Century Luca G. Castellin3 Governable Masses and Manageable Democracy: Samuel Huntington and the Origins of the Clash of Civilizations Theory Giovanni Borgognone4 The “Western” Roots of Democracy: A Geopolitical Dilemma Paulo Butti de Lima5 Pan-Islamism and Pan-Arabism: Debating Possible Convergences in Responses to Modernity Marco Di Donato6 From Pan-Asianism to an Afro-Asian Solidarity: Notions and Connotations of Civilization in the Context of Chinese Revolution, 1900–1966 Zhiguang Yin7 Civilizationism in Russia from the Slavophiles to Vladimir Putin Kåre Johan MjørConclusion A Challenge for the Global Society? Giovanni Borgognone and Patricia Chiantera-StutteIndexAbout the Contributors