Title Page
Abstract
국문 초록
Contents
1. Introduction 14
1.1. Background 14
1.2. Anatomy of the Abdominal Cavity 15
1.3. Peritoneal Carcinomatosis and Its Treatment 17
1.4. Objective 20
2. Basic Theory 21
2.1. Navier-Stokes Equation 21
2.2. Design of Experiments 23
2.2.1. Factorial Design 24
2.2.2. Response Surface Method 26
3. Modeling 28
3.1. Organ Finite Element Model 28
3.2. Peritoneal Cavity Model 32
4. Simulation of Temperature Distribution on Organ Surface for Varying Tube Quantity 34
4.1. Modeling and Initial Condition 34
4.2. Results 36
5. Optimization of Inlet and Outlet Parameters 41
5.1. Selection of Design Factors 41
5.2. Sensitivity Analysis using Fractional Factorial Design 44
5.2.1. Primary Sensitivity Analysis 44
5.2.2. Secondary Sensitivity Analysis 45
5.3. Parameter Optimization using Central Composite Design 48
5.3.1. Primary Optimization 48
5.3.2. Secondary Optimization 51
5.4. Evaluation of Optimization Results 55
5.4.1. Effect of Inlet on Organ Surface 56
5.4.2. Effect of Penetration of Anti-cancer Drugs 60
6. Conclusion 63
References 67
Table 1. Number of experiments in full factorial and fractional factorial designs 26
Table 2. Central composite design parameters 27
Table 3. Material properties of each organ 31
Table 4. Average surface temperature of each organ for Type 1, 2, and 3 37
Table 5. Factors and levels 43
Table 6. Run table of primary sensitivity analysis 44
Table 7. Run table of secondary sensitivity analysis 46
Table 8. Run table of primary optimization using central composite design 49
Table 9. Optimal conditions for distance factors of inlets and outlets 50
Table 10. Run table for flow rate and inflow direction factors 52
Table 11. Optimal conditions for all HIPEC parameters 54
Table 12. Parameters of existing HIPEC procedure and optimized conditions used in comparative simulation 55
Table 13. Change in results of simulation using optimized parameters from those using parameters of the existing HIPEC procedure 56
Table 14. Comparison of the effects of anti-cancer drugs on organs located near the inlets in each model 59
Figure 1. Incidence rate of the 10 deadliest cancers by gender, 2020 14
Figure 2. Thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities of the human body 15
Figure 3. Two types of peritoneum and peritoneal cavity 16
Figure 4. HIPEC procedure diagram 18
Figure 5. Entire organ FE model 28
Figure 6. Liver FE model 29
Figure 7. Stomach FE model 29
Figure 8. Pancreas FE model 29
Figure 9. Small intestine FE model 30
Figure 10. Large intestine FE model 30
Figure 11. Three-dimensional peritoneal cavity model of human 33
Figure 12. Three types of simulation models categorized by tube quantity. (a) Type 1 (b) Type 2 (c) Type 3 35
Figure 13. Contour graph results for Type 1, 2, and 3 36
Figure 14. Locations of 16 hotspots selected for temperature monitoring 38
Figure 15. Locations of hotspots from Type 1 38
Figure 16. Locations of hotspots from Type 2 39
Figure 17. Locations of hotspots from Type 3 40
Figure 18. Nine abdominal regions 42
Figure 19. Definitions of x- and y-axis distances 42
Figure 20. Pareto charts for each characteristic value of primary sensitivity analysis. (a) Average settling time (b) standard deviation of settling time (c) average... 45
Figure 21. Pareto charts for each characteristic value of secondary sensitivity analysis. (a) Average settling time (b) standard deviation of settling time (c) average... 47
Figure 22. Optimization results for inlet and outlet distance factors 50
Figure 23. Peritoneal cavity model with the optimal distance factors applied 51
Figure 24. Inflow direction of anti-cancer drugs. (a) Ordinary direction with upper inflow (b) reverse direction with lower inflow 52
Figure 25. Comparison of settling time results by inflow direction according to the flow rate. (a) Settling time average (b) settling time standard deviation 53
Figure 26. Comparison of hotspot temperature results by inflow direction according to flow rate. (a) Temperature average (b) temperature standard deviation 53
Figure 27. Comparison of simulation results using the parameters of existing HIPEC procedure and optimized conditions. (a) Settling time (b) temperature 56
Figure 28. Points on the organ surface where velocity and pressures were measured in the optimized model. (a) Front view (b) left inlet (c) right inlet 57
Figure 29. Points on the organ surface where flow rates and pressures were measured in the existing HIPEC model. (a) Front view (b) left inlet (c) right inlet 58
Figure 30. Simulation model to compare the penetration. (a) Anti-cancer drugs region (b) organ region 60
Figure 31. Cross-sectional velocity magnitude in the line segment AB. (a) Left inlet (b) right inlet 61