표제지
요약문
ABSTRACT
목차
제1장 서론 16
1.1. 연구 배경 16
1.2. 연구 목적 21
1.2.1. 점화원 관리 21
1.2.2. 가연물 관리 22
제2장 이론적 배경 23
2.1. 인화성 액체 23
2.1.1. 산업안전보건법 23
2.1.2. 위험물안전관리법 23
2.1.3. 화학물질등록평가법 24
2.2. 폭발위험장소 구분도 24
2.2.1. 공정안전보고서 24
2.2.2. 폭발위험장소 구분도 27
2.3. 화학물질폭로영향지수(CEI) 산정에 관한 기술지침 38
2.4. 가스누출감지경보기 43
2.5. 전체환기 43
2.5.1. 산업환기설비에 관한 기술지침 44
2.6. SketchUp 45
제3장 연구 방법 46
3.1. 연구대상 46
3.1.1. 물질 선정 46
3.1.2. 공정 선정 47
3.2. 폭발위험장소 구분도 48
3.2.1. 폭발위험장소 계산 48
3.2.2. 폭발위험장소 구현 49
3.3. LEL 도달시간 계산 50
3.4. 감지농도에 따른 필요환기량 계산 51
제4장 연구 결과 53
4.1. 폭발위험장소 구분도 공정선정 53
4.1.1. 사고사례 분석 53
4.1.2. 혼합공정 선정 55
4.2. 폭발위험장소를 활용한 점화원 관리 55
4.3. 폭발위험장소 내 가연물 관리 60
4.3.1. 3D로 형성된 폭발위험장소 내 LEL 도달시간 계산 60
4.3.2. 감지경보기 농도에 따른 환기량 계산 66
제5장 결론 및 고찰 72
5.1. 3D를 활용한 점화원 관리 72
5.2. 폭발위험장소 내 가연물 관리 73
5.2.1. 폭발위험장소 내 LEL 도달 시간 계산 73
5.2.2. 감지·경보농도에 따른 필요환기량 계산 74
5.3. 연구의 한계점 및 향후 연구과제 74
참고문헌 76
Table 2.1. Facilities Subject to Submission of Process Safety Management 25
Table 2.2. Chemical substance Subject to Submission of Process Safety Management(51 types) 26
Table 2.3. Process Safety Management rating and inspection interval 27
Table 2.4. Suggested hole cross sections for secondary grade releases 31
Table 2.5. Indicative outdoor ventilation velocities 35
Table 2.6. Zones for grade of release and effectiveness of ventilation 36
Table 2.7. Equipment protection levels (EPLs) where only zones are assigned 38
Table 2.8. The ventilation rate for whole ventilation system by substance 45
Table 3.1. Chemical safety institute fire and explosion accident statistics 46
Table 3.2. The characteristics of 5 substances with LEL values 47
Table 3.3. Factors required for hazardous areas calculation 49
Table 3.4. Accident scenario factors 50
Table 4.1. Hazardous areas analysis by substance 57
Table 4.2. Time to reach LEL for Toluene 61
Table 4.3. Comparison of air dispersion quantities for 5 substances 63
Table 4.4. Ventilation rate based on detection time for different substances 69
Table 4.5. Concentration and time required for detection based on 0.9m×0.9m ventilation standard 70
Fig. 1.1. Fire and explosion accident graph 16
Fig. 1.2. Frequency of chemical incidents 17
Fig. 1.3. Accident frequency rate in PSM Facility 18
Fig. 1.4. Number of fatalities across all sectors 19
Fig. 1.5. Number of fatalities in workplaces with 50 or more employees 20
Fig. 1.6. Research Procedure 22
Fig. 2.1. Schematic approach to classification 29
Fig. 2.2. Chart for assessing the degree of dilution 34
Fig. 2.3. Symboles preferentiels pour les zones 37
Fig. 2.4. Chart for estimating harzardous area distances 37
Fig. 2.5. Airborne quantity calculation flowchart 39
Fig. 3.1. Mixer Process Sequence 48
Fig. 3.2. Research direction 52
Fig. 4.1. 3D Mixing process 56
Fig. 4.2. Existing hazardous areas: toluene & ethyl acetate implementation 58
Fig. 4.3. Change in symbol for zone 59
Fig. 4.4. 3D hazardous area classification chart layout: verification of 4 ignition sources 59
Fig. 4.5. Vapor hazard marking considering substance characteristics 60
Fig. 4.6. Graph of time to reach toluene LEL within 100m³ 62
Fig. 4.7. Comparison of air dispersion quantities for 5 substances 63
Fig. 4.8. Graph of time to reach Hexane LEL at 25℃ 64
Fig. 4.9. Graph of time to reach Hexane LEL at 50℃ 64
Fig. 4.10. Graph of time to reach Hexane LEL at 69℃ 65
Fig. 4.11. Graph of time to reach Hexane LEL at 75℃ 66
Fig. 4.12. Graph according to Hexane release concentration 67
Fig. 4.13. A graph of hexane diffusion quantity based on temperature conditions 68
Fig. 4.14. Ventilation rate for th prevention of Hexane fire and explosion incidents 70