Title Page
Abstract
Contents
Introduction 8
1. Research Backgrounds 8
2. Research Objective 11
Subject 12
1. Streaming flow induced by vertical vibration 12
2. Axisymmetric streaming flow in cylindrical wells 16
2.1. 96 well plate format 16
2.2. Experimental setup 17
2.3. Contact line observation 20
2.4. Flow field observation 26
3. Cell aggregation under vertical vibration 29
3.1. Temporal evolution of cell aggregates 29
3.2. Comparison to other methods 32
3.3. Cell viability confirmation 38
3.4. Mode of failures 42
4. Analysis of the flow and cell aggregation 44
4.1. Analysis method of the system 44
4.2. Boundary conditions 46
4.3. Simulation results 48
Conclusion 53
참고 문헌 54
Abstract 55
Figure 1. Particle aggregation under Faraday waves in rectangular tanks. Two types of particle gathering, coarse (green) and compact (red) occurs. 15
Figure 2. The experimental setup. Shown left is the frontal view and the right is the oblique view, showing the wells and high-speed camera. 19
Figure 3. Location adjustment of the well 24
Figure 4. The evolution of surface and its corresponding contact angle hysteresis. The diameter of the well is 8 mm 25
Figure 5. (Top) The evolution of meniscus within half period (10 ms). (Bottom) The average flow (5 periods) Scale bar 3 mm 28
Figure 6. The temporal evolution of cell aggregates 31
Figure 7. The temporal evolution of cells in sedimentation method 34
Figure 8. The temporal evolution of cells in orbital shaker method 35
Figure 9. Void formation in sedimentation methods. (a) after 1 hour; voids are very distinct (b) after 4 hours; only small voids present 36
Figure 10. Boundary shapes of aggregates in three methods (a) vertical wave (b) sedimentation (c) orbital shaker 37
Figure 11. The confocal microscope image of the aggregated cells. Most of the cells are green, indicating that the cells are alive. 39
Figure 12. Top-down image by brightfield microscopy. 40
Figure 13. Laminated figure of the confocal images. The aggregate has a shape of hemisphere. 41
Figure 14. The improper cell aggregation mode in the presence of bubbles. 43
Figure 15. Contact angle hysteresis data and contact line height 47
Figure 16. Flow simulation results. (left) The flow field when the flow is at its maximal downward velocity; (middle) the flow field when the flow is at its... 50
Figure 17. Laplacian value of r-component (left) and z-component (right) of the velocity field. 51
Figure 18. Particle simulation results by particle tracing module in COMSOL Multiphysics (a) 1.017 seconds (b) 1.248 seconds 52