Title Page
ABSTRACT
Contents
Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION 10
Ⅱ. MATERIALS AND METHODS 13
2.1. The extrusion condition setup 13
2.1.1. Materials 13
2.1.2. Extrusion 13
2.2. High moisture TVPs made of plant-based protein mixture 15
2.2.1. Materials 15
2.2.2. Rheological properties 15
2.2.3. Extrusion 17
2.2.4. Moisture content 17
2.2.5. Appearance 18
2.2.6. Color 18
2.2.7. Textural properties 18
2.2.8. Scanning electron microscopy 21
2.3. Statistical analysis 21
Ⅲ. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 22
3.1. The extrusion condition setup 22
3.2. High moisture TVPs made of plant-based protein mixture 24
3.2.1. Rheological properties 24
3.2.2. Moisture content 26
3.2.3. Appearance 28
3.2.4. Color 30
3.2.5. Textural properties 32
3.2.6. Scanning electron microscopy 38
Ⅳ. CONCLUSION 40
Ⅴ. 국문초록 42
REFERENCE 44
Table 1. The extrusion parameters (raw materials and its ratio, moisture content, screw rate, feed rate, and barrel temperature) to setup the extrusion conditions 14
Table 2. The proportion of raw materials (SPI, PPI, FPC, SPC, and CS) for the slurry and TVP mixture 16
Table 3. Moisture content of high moisture TVPs 27
Table 4. Lightness (L*), redness (a*), and yellowness (b*) of high moisture TVPs 31
Table 5. Texture properties (springiness, cohesiveness, chewiness) of high moisture TVPs 36
Figure 1. Longitudinal and transversal cutting direction of high moisture TVPs for TI index measurement. 20
Figure 2. The appearance of TVPs for setting the extrusion condition. 23
Figure 3. Storage modulus (G') of protein slurries 25
Figure 4. The images of high moisture TVPs. The left image is an outer surface of high moisture TVPs, and the right image is... 29
Figure 5. Hardness of high moisture TVPs 35
Figure 6. Texturization index of high moisture TVPs. 37
Figure 7. Microscopic morphological images of high moisture TVPs made of SPI and PPI mixture through SEM 39