표제지
목차
Abstract 13
1. 서론 16
1.1. 연구배경 16
1.1.1. 한국 동해 연안 16
1.1.2. 냉수대 연구 동향 19
1.1.3. 냉수대 발생 기작 21
1.2. 연구의 필요성과 목적 25
2. 연구 자료 및 방법 27
2.1. 연구 자료 27
2.1.1. 국립수산과학원 연안정지 관측자료 27
2.1.2. GLORYS12V1 27
2.1.3. 장주기 변동지수(ENSO & PDO) 28
2.2. 분석 방법 30
2.2.1. 쓰시마난류 수송량 30
2.2.2. 스펙트럼 분석 30
3. 한국 동해 연안의 냉수대 발생 33
3.1. 과거 냉수대 발생 33
3.1.1. 7월 동해 연안 수온 33
3.1.2. 8월 동해 연안 수온 36
3.2. 냉수대 발생 빈도 38
4. 한국 동해의 수온과 해류 구조 특성 40
4.1. 수온 분포 특성 40
4.1.1. 수평 수온 분포 40
4.1.2. 연직 수온 분포 43
4.2. 해류 분포 특성 46
4.2.1. 쓰시마난류 수송량 46
4.2.2. 동한난류 유동 특성 48
5. 난류, 수온 그리고 장주기 변동지수의 상호관계 66
5.1. 쓰시마난류 수송량, 수온 그리고 장주기 변동지수 66
5.1.1. 시계열 분석 66
5.1.2. 스펙트럼 분석 68
5.2. ENSO와 수온 71
5.3. PDO와 쓰시마난류 수송량 75
6. 동한난류의 경로 변동과 냉수대 발생 79
6.1. 시계열 분석 79
6.2. 스펙트럼 분석 82
6.2.1. Power spectrum 82
6.2.2. Coherence 84
7. 고찰 86
7.1. 냉수대 발생 88
7.2. 수온과 동한난류의 구조 90
7.3. 난류, 수온 그리고 장주기 변동지수의 상호 관계 95
7.4. 동한난류의 경로 변동과 냉수대 출현 100
8. 요약 및 결론 103
참고문헌 105
Appendix 110
Table 1.1. Data used in Cold-pool occurrence mechanism and previous studies related on Cold-pool 23
Table 3.1. The number and frequency of cold-pool occurrences 39
Table 4.1. Baroclinic tilting in August of the years between occurrence (left) and non-occurrence (right) of cold pool 44
Table 4.2. Average monthly TWC volume transport (1993~2020) 47
Table 4.3. Average flow velocity for each station according to the cold-pool occurrence in the Ulgi coast in Busan, Ulgi and Hupo 64
Table 4.4. EKWC and southward currents in the Hupo coast according to cold-pool occurrence in the Ulgi coast for 25 years (1993-2017) 65
Table 5.1. Distance Between the Thermal Front and the Eastern Coast of Korea 74
Fig. 1.1. Bathymetric map of study area. 17
Fig. 1.2. Current map of East Sea of Korea. 18
Fig. 1.3. History of research related to the occurrence of cold pool. 20
Fig. 1.4. Schematic diagram of the structure of cold pool & coastal upwelling. 24
Fig. 2.1. Location of used data points in the study area. 29
Fig. 3.1. Time-series distribution of average (upper) and mimimum (lower) July water temperature by region along the coast of the East Sea. 35
Fig. 3.2. Time-series distribution of average (upper) and mimimum (lower) August water temperature by region along the coast of the East Sea. 37
Fig. 3.3. Time series distribution of the minimum water temperature in July (upper) and August (lower) by region along the East Sea. Cold-pool... 39
Fig. 4.1. Horizontal distribution of sea surface temperature in August of the years between occurrence (left) and... 42
Fig. 4.2. Vertical distribution of water temperature in August of the years between occurrence (left) and non-occurrence... 45
Fig. 4.3. Time series of TWC volume transport (West Channel (solid line), East channel (dashed line) and total TWC (Dash-single dotted line). 47
Fig. 4.4. Time-series sea surface northward velocity distribution of Hupo line (upper), Ulgi line (middle) and Kijang line (lower). 50
Fig. 4.5. Horizontal distribution of sea surface velocity in August of the years between occurrence (left) and... 53
Fig. 4.6. Horizontal distribution of sea surface northward velocity in August of the years between occurrence... 54
Fig. 4.7. Vertical distribution of northward velocity in August of the years between occurrence (left) and non-occurrence... 57
Fig. 4.8. Vertical distribution of northward velocity in August of the years between occurrence (left) and non-occurrence... 58
Fig. 4.9. Vertical distribution of northward velocity in August of the years between occurrence (left) and non-occurrence... 59
Fig. 4.10. Three paths changes of the EKWC through velocity data. Distribution of horizontal flow vector ((a)~(C)) and vertical... 63
Fig. 5.1. Time series of PDO (solid line) and ONI (dashed line) from 1993 to 2017. 67
Fig. 5.2. Power spectrm and Coherence of ONI, PDO, TWC and T. 70
Fig. 5.3. Time-series distribution of average (upper) and mimimum (lower) August water temperature by region along the coast of the East Sea... 73
Fig. 5.4. Horizontal distribution of water temperature at 20 m (upper) and 50m (middle) depths and horizontal distribution of water temperature... 74
Fig. 5.5. Time series of West Channel (TWC) volume transport (West Channel (dashed line) and PDO (solid line) from 1993 to 2018. 77
Fig. 5.6. Monthly time series of TWC volume transport and PDO index for 1996, 2000 (a) and 2013, 2015 (b). Scatter chart... 78
Fig. 6.1. Time series of Ulgi surface water temperature (solid line) and northward velocity (dashed line) at Hupo line (H-01~10). 81
Fig. 6.2. Power spectrum of northward velocity at Hupo line (H-01~10). 83
Fig. 6.3. Coherence of northward velocity at Hupo line (H-01~10). 85
Fig. 7.1. Average wind rose graph for Ulsan in August in 1994, 1998, 2002 and 2012. 87
Fig. 7.2. The water temperature and region at the time of occurrence of the cold pool mentioned in the references. 89
Fig. 7.3. Vertical distribution of water temperature in August of the years between occurrence (upper) and non-occurrence (lower)... 93
Fig. 7.4. Location of bottom topography and observation points in East Sea of Korea (upper). Vertical distribution of water temperature (℃)... 94
Fig. 7.5. Horizontal distribution of sea surface velocity (upper) and northward velocity (lower) in El Niño (1987, 1997) and La Niña (1988, 1998). 98
Fig. 7.6. Vertical distribution of water temperature at Hupo Line (upper), Ulgi Line (middle) and Busan Line (lower) in El Niño (1987,... 99
Fig. 7.7. Probability of cold-pool occurrence according to EKWC main path variation range. 102
Fig. A.1. Time series of Ulgi surface water temperature (solid line) and northward velocity (dashed line) at Busan line (B-01~10). 110
Fig. A.2. Power spectrum of northward velocity at Busan line (B-01~10). 111
Fig. A.3. Coherence of northward velocity at Busan line (B-01~10). 112
Fig. A.4. Time series of Ulgi surface water temperature (solid line) and northward velocity (dashed line) at Ulgi line (U-01~10). 113
Fig. A.5. Power spectrum of northward velocity at Ulgi line (U-01~10). 114
Fig. A.6. Coherence of northward velocity at Ulgi line (U-01~10). 115
Fig. A.7. Time series of Ulgi surface water temperature (solid line) and northward velocity (dashed line) at Donghae line (D-01~10). 116
Fig. A.8. Power spectrum of northward velocity at Donghae line (D-01~10). 117
Fig. A.9. Coherence of northward velocity at Donghae line (D-01~10). 118
Fig. A.10. Time series of Ulgi surface water temperature (solid line) and northward velocity (dashed line) at Sokcho line (S-01~10). 119
Fig. A.11. Power spectrum of northward velocity at Sokcho line (S-01~10). 120
Fig. A.12. Coherence of northward velocity at Sokcho line (S-01~10). 121