표제지
목차
Abstract 13
Ⅰ. 서론 16
Ⅱ. 이론 20
1. 전도성 페이스트와 인쇄 전자 기술 20
2. 스트레처블 전극 및 적용 제품 30
3. 스트레처블 IME 전극 35
4. 다양한 형태의 스트레처블 전극 및 기판 구조 38
가. 웨이비 구조(wavy structure) 38
나. 다공성 메시 구조(Porous mesh structure) 41
다. 금속 나노와이어(Silver nano wire) 전극 43
라. 하이브리드 전극 44
Ⅲ. 실험 48
1. 스트레처블 기판(film) 제조 방법 48
2. 실버 페이스트용 바인더 제조 방법 51
3. 실버 페이스트 제조 방법 52
4. 실버 페이스트의 점탄성 측정 54
5. 전극 인쇄 방법 55
6. 바인더 및 전극 도막의 TGA 측정 방법 57
7. 스트레인에 따른 저항 변화 측정 방법 58
8. 스트레인에 따른 전극 표면 구조 변화 측정 방법 58
Ⅳ. 결과 및 고찰 60
1. 스트레처블 필름의 히스테리시스 60
2. 실버 페이스트의 점도 및 점탄성 63
3. 경화된 실버 전극의 TGA측정 결과 64
4. 실버 전극의 스트레인에 따른 저항 변화 결과 67
5. 스트레인에 따른 표면 구조 변화 및 저항 변화 결과 71
Ⅴ. 결론 96
References 99
Table 1. Types of contact printing 27
Table 2. The Formultion of Ag pastes for polyester type binder 53
Table 3. The Formultion of Ag pastes for PDMS type binder 53
Table 4. Photos of the electrode surface shape before stretching and after stretching by 40% 70
Table 5. Electrode surface change according to strain. 73
Table 6. SEM pictures of the surface and cross-section of stretchable electrodes. 74
Table 7. Electrode pattern photo with surface coating. 79
Table 8. Surface change of electrode with SNW addition. 82
Table 9. Transmittance results for each films. 85
Table 10. Resistance changes during the 1st to 5th cycles of stretching and contracting of the 3cm pattern. 89
Table 11. Resistance changes during the 1st to 5th cycles of stretching and contracting of the 6cm pattern. 90
Table 12. FE-SEM results of surface and cross-section of silicon-based films. 91
Table 13. FE-SEM results of the interface of the silicon-based films. 92
Figure 1. Specific resistance of metal powders. 20
Figure 2. Various conductive inks for printed electronics. 21
Figure 3. Resistance value according to conductive material. 21
Figure 4. Melting point by silver particle size. 22
Figure 5. Arrangement structure of percolation point and silver particles. 23
Figure 6. Resistivity according to sintering temperature of silver paste. 24
Figure 7. Detailed standard road map of silver paste for printed electronics. 25
Figure 8. Various applications of silver paste. 25
Figure 9. Comparison of conventional and printed electronics processes. 26
Figure 10. Fine pattern road map for screen printing. 28
Figure 11. Factors for realizing good screen printability. 28
Figure 12. Printed electronics market status. 29
Figure 13. Characteristics of printed electronics and roll-to-roll systems. 30
Figure 14. Various types of stretchable electrodes. 31
Figure 15. Dress applied with stretchable LED. 32
Figure 16. Biostamp with stretchable electrode. 33
Figure 17. Diabetic electronic patch with stretchable electrode. 34
Figure 18. Application fields of stretchable devices. 35
Figure 19. Form of IME electrode using printed electronics. 36
Figure 20. Characteristics required of IME paste(DuPont). 36
Figure 21. Process for IME. 37
Figure 22. Substrates manufactured by the IME process. 37
Figure 23. Stretchable Electrode Market Forecast. 38
Figure 24. Fabrication of wavy-patterned PDMS substrate and FE-SEM images of wavy-patterned PDMS substrate. 40
Figure 25. Structure of flat PDMS and wavy patterned PDMS substrate. 40
Figure 26. Comparison of resistance change of semi-transparent Ag electrode coated on flat PDMS and wavy patterned... 41
Figure 27. Porous mesh structure. 42
Figure 28. (a)Schematic representation shows the fabrication steps of AgNWs/PU electrode. (b)Capability on... 44
Figure 29. (a)Schematic illustration of in situ synthesis of metal nanoparticle embedded reduced graphene oxide (rGO... 46
Figure 30. Surface of TPU film(SEM) and structure of laminated film. 50
Figure 31. Siloxane oligomer(n=60). 50
Figure 32. Siloxane cross-linkers(n=10). 50
Figure 33. Automatic control coater. 51
Figure 34. SEM image of Flake type Ag powders. 53
Figure 35. Silver paste manufacturing process. 54
Figure 36. Rheometer for measuring viscoelastic properties of silver paste. 55
Figure 37. Structure of mesh type combination plate making. 56
Figure 38. Structure of metal mask type combination plate making. 57
Figure 39. Conductivity measurement method according to strain. 58
Figure 40. Method for measuring surface structure of electrode pattern. 59
Figure 41. Hysteresis properties of TPU film, PDMS film and EcoFlex 30 film. 62
Figure 42. Result of expansion of PDMS film and EcoFlex film. 62
Figure 43. Viscosity and viscoelasticity results of silver pastes. 64
Figure 44. Viscosity and viscoelasticity results of silver pastes. 64
Figure 45. The chemical crosslinking of polyhydroxy polyester resin with a blocked isocyanate curing agent. 66
Figure 46. Results before and after hardening of binder. 66
Figure 47. Results before and after hardening of silver paste. 67
Figure 48. Photos of 0~40% strachable electrode. 69
Figure 49. Resistance change results according to strain. 70
Figure 50. Surface SEM structure of electrode patterns. 71
Figure 51. Optical micrographs of screen-printed electrode patterns. 72
Figure 52. Results of pencil hardness. 75
Figure 53. Thicknesses of screen printing and metal mask printing. 76
Figure 54. Resistance change with strain. 77
Figure 55. Hysteresis result of electrode film printed with silver paste. 78
Figure 56. Change in resistance according to strain of the coated electrode pattern. 80
Figure 57. SEM results of SNW 81
Figure 58. Resistance change according to the addition of SNW. 82
Figure 59. Silicon-based film directly fabricated in this study. 84
Figure 60. Transmittance of each film in the visible light range. 84
Figure 61. Electrode patterns printed on the PDMS film. 85
Figure 62. Results of resistance change according to strain of electrode printed on PDMS film. 86
Figure 63. Resistance change when stretching and contracting repeatedly for 100 times of PDMS film. 87
Figure 64. The first resistance change result of the 3cm pattern. 88
Figure 65. The first resistance change result of the 6cm pattern. 90
Figure 66. Resistance and resistance change according to the strain of the electrode coating film printed on TPU... 93
Figure 67. Length comparison result of TPU film and PDMS film before stretching and after 100% stretching. 94
Figure 68. Twist measurement results of the TPU film and the PDMS film. 95