표제지
초록
목차
제1장 서론 19
제1절 연구의 배경 및 필요성 19
제2절 연구 목적 22
제2장 연구사 24
제1절 편백(C. obtusa)의 유전 및 생태 24
제2절 채종원 내 개화·결실량 변이 연구 30
제3절 채종원산 종자의 구과 분석 38
제4절 DNA 표지를 이용한 교배 양식 연구 41
제3장 재료 및 방법 48
제1절 연구 대상지 현황 48
1. 고창 편백 채종원 48
2. 서귀포 편백 채종원 50
제2절 개화 및 구과 생산량 50
제3절 구과 및 종자 특성 분석 51
제4절 통계 분석 및 유전력 추정 55
제5절 누적 기여도 곡선 55
제6절 유효 집단 크기 및 유전 다양성 추정 57
제7절 Microsatellite 표지 분석 58
제8절 유전 구조 및 교배 양식 분석 62
8.1. 유전 구조 및 유전 다양성 62
8.2. 화분원의 유전적 분화 및 유효 화분 이동 거리 추정 62
8.3. 교배 양식 분석 64
8.4. 부계 유전자 및 화분 오염률 추정 64
제4장 결과 66
제1절 개화·결실량 66
1.1. 클론 간 개화량 및 구과 생산량 변이 66
1.2. 누적 기여도 곡선 68
1.3. 유효 집단 크기 및 유전 다양성 추정 71
1.4. 유전력 추정 73
1.5. 개화 및 구과 생산량 간 상관관계 분석 79
제2절 구과 및 종자의 유전 다양성 82
2.1. 구과의 형태적 특성 82
2.2. 종자 특성 분석 84
2.3. 구과 및 종자 특성의 유전력 추정 87
2.4. 구과 및 종자 특성 간 상관관계 분석 89
2.5. 발아력 검정 93
제3절 교배 양식 분석 93
3.1. 유전 다양성 분석 93
3.2. 교배 양식 102
3.3. 화분원의 유전적 분화 104
3.4. 부계 유전자형 및 화분 오염률 추정 104
제5장 고찰 112
제1절 개화량 및 구과 결실량 변이와 유전 다양성 112
제2절 구과 분석 및 종자 특성 분석 117
제3절 교배 양식 분석 123
제6장 결론 132
참고 문헌 135
Appendix 159
Abstract 258
Table 1. Estimation of heritability (h²) using variance components 56
Table 2. Microsatellite markers for C. obtusa used in this study. 61
Table 3. Clonal average (mean), sibling coefficient (ψ), effective population size (Ns), relative population size (Nr), and genetic diversity (GD) for female and male strobili, and cone production at the seed orchard of C. obtusa in...[이미지참조] 74
Table 4. Clonal average (mean), sibling coefficient (ψ), effective population size (Ns), relative population size (Nr), and genetic diversity (GD) for female and male strobili, and cone production at the seed orchard of C. obtusa in...[이미지참조] 75
Table 5. Analysis of variation and heritability (h²) estimates for the strobilus and cone production at the seed orchard of C. obtusa in Gochang, Korea 76
Table 6. Analysis of variation and heritability (h²) estimates for the strobilus and cone production at the seed orchard of C. obtusa in Seogwipo, Korea 78
Table 7. Pearson's (above the diagonal) and Spearman's (below the diagonal) correlation coefficients among female and male strobili, and cone... 80
Table 8. Spearman's correlation coefficients among years at the seed orchards of C. obtusa in Gochang and Seogwipo, Korea 81
Table 9. Cone characteristics among clones at the seed orchards of C. obtusa in Gochang and Seogwipo, Korea 83
Table 10. Seed characteristics among clones at the seed orchards of C. obtusa in Gochang and Seogwipo, Korea 86
Table 11. F-value, variance components (σ²), and narrow-sense heritability (h²) based on the analysis of cone and seed characteristics... 88
Table 12. F-value, variance components (σ²), and narrow-sense heritability (h²) based on the analysis of cone and seed characteristics... 90
Table 13. Pearson's correlation coefficient between cone and seed characteristics at the seed orchard of C. obtusa in Gochang, Korea from 2020 (below diagonal) to 2021 (above diagonal) 91
Table 14. Pearson's correlation coefficient between cone and seed characteristics at the seed orchard of C. obtusa in Seogwipo, Korea from 2020(below diagonal) to 2021 (above diagonal) 92
Table 15. One-way ANOVA of seed germination rate at the seed orchard of C. obtusa in Gochang, Korea in 2021 94
Table 16. Pearson's correlation coefficient and Spearman's correlation coefficient of seed germination rate at the seed orchard of C. obtusa in... 95
Table 17. Polymorphic information of 10 microsatellite markers at the seed orchards of C. obtusa in Gochang and Seogwipo, Korea 97
Table 18. Genetic diversity of the adult clones and the seeds at the seed orchard of C. obtusa in Gochang, Korea based on the analysis using 10... 98
Table 19. Genetic diversity of the adult clones and the seeds at the seed orchard of C. obtusa in Seogwipo, Korea based on the analysis using 10... 100
Table 20. Polymorphic information and exclusion probabilities of microsatellites markers at the seed orchards of C. obtusa in Gochang... 101
Table 21. Estimates of inbreeding parameters from progeny arrays at the seed orchards of C. obtusa in Gochang and Seogwipo, Korea in 2021... 103
Table 22. Summary of analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) at the seed orchards of C. obtusa in Gochang and Seogwipo, Korea in 2021 105
Table 23. Pollen dispersal estimation for 5 density values at the seed orchards of C. obtusa in Gochang and Seogwipo, Korea 106
Table 24. Paternity analysis of seeds from mother trees at the seed orchards of C. obtusa in Gochang and Seogwipo, Korea 108
Table 25. Pollen contamination rates trees at the seed orchards of C. obtusa in Gochang, Korea based on at least 9 loci 109
Table 26. Outcrossing and selfing rates at the seed orchards of C. obtusa in Gochang, Korea based on at least 6 loci 110
Table 27. Outcrossing and selfing rates at the seed orchards of C. obtusa in Seogwipo, Korea based on at least 6 loci 111
Table A1. Multiple comparison of female (A) and male strobilus (B), and mature cone production (C) at the seed orchard of C. obtusa in Gochang,... 159
Table A2. Multiple comparison of female (A) and male strobilus (B), and mature cone production (C) at the seed orchard of C. obtusa in Gochang,... 165
Table A3. Multiple comparison of female (A) and male strobilus (B), and mature cone production (C) at the seed orchard of C. obtusa in Gochang,... 171
Table A4. Multiple comparison of female (A) and male strobilus (B), and mature cone production (C) at the seed orchard of C. obtusa in... 177
Table A5. Multiple comparison of female (A) and male strobilus (B), and mature cone production (C), at the seed orchard of C. obtusa in... 180
Table A6. Multiple comparison of female (A) and male strobilus (B), and mature cone production (C) at the seed orchard of C. obtusa in... 183
Table A7. Multiple comparison of morphological characteristics of cone at the seed orchard of C. obtusa in Gochang, Korea in by post-hoc... 186
Table A8. Multiple comparison of morphological characteristics of cone at the seed orchard of C. obtusa in Gochang, Korea in by post-hoc... 194
Table A9. Multiple comparison of morphological characteristics of cone at the seed orchard of C. obtusa in Seogwipo, Korea in by post-hoc... 202
Table A10. Multiple comparison of morphological characteristics of cone at the seed orchard of C. obtusa in Seogwipo, Korea in by post-hoc... 206
Table A11. Multiple comparison of seed characteristics at the seed orchard of C. obtusa in Gochang, Korea in 2020 by post-hoc Tukey-HSD test (p〈0.05) 210
Table A12. Multiple comparison of seed characteristics at the seed orchard of C. obtusa in Gochang, Korea in 2021 by post-hoc Tukey-HSD test (p〈0.05). 230
Table A13. Multiple comparison of seed characteristics at the seed orchard of C. obtusa in Seogwipo, Korea in 2020 by post-hoc Tukey-HSD test (p〈0.05). 242
Table A14. Multiple comparison of seed characteristics at the seed orchard of C. obtusa in Seogwipo, Korea in 2021 by post-hoc Tukey-HSD test (p〈0.05). 249
Table A15. Seed germination rate at the seed orchard of C. obtusa in Gochang, Korea in 2021 256
Table A16. Seed germination rate at the seed orchard of C. obtusa in Seogwipo, Korea in 2021 257
Figure 1. Biogeographic distribution of genus Chamaecyparis 25
Figure 2. Location (A) and landscape at the seed orchards of C. obtusa in Gochang (B, C) and Seogwipo (D, E), Korea 49
Figure 3. Female (A) and male strobili (B), and mature cones (C) of C. obtusa 52
Figure 4. Morphological characteristics of mature cone collected from the seed orchard of C. obtusa 53
Figure 5. Test for seed germination of C. obtusa 54
Figure 6. Layout (A) and selected 30 mother trees marked with red for mating system analysis (B) at the seed orchard of C. obtusa in Gochang, Korea 59
Figure 7. Layout (A) and selected 5 mother trees marked with red for mating system analysis (B) at the seed orchard of C. obtusa in... 60
Figure 8. Female and male strobilus, and mature cone production at the seed orchards C. obtusa in Gochang (A) and Seogwipo (B), Korea during 2020~2022 67
Figure 9. Parental balance curves for accumulated contribution of female (A) and male strobilus (B), and mature cone production (C) to the... 70
Figure 10. Parental balance curves for accumulated contribution of female (A) and male strobilus (B), and mature cone production (C) to the... 72