Title Page
Abstract
Contents
1. Introduction 9
1.1. Study Background 9
1.2. Purpose of Research 11
2.1. Material and methods 12
2.1.1. Cell culture 12
2.1.2. Orthotopic mouse model of residual breast cancer 12
2.1.3. Histomorphometric evaluation 14
2.1.4. Gene expression analysis 16
2.1.5. Statistical analysis 16
2.2. Results 17
2.2.1. Determining the optimal concentration of 4T1 cells to produce an orthotopic residual breast cancer model 17
2.2.2. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of the grafted fat and tumor mass 18
2.2.3. CAL enhance grafted fat survival and facilitate the revascularization in grafted fat 21
2.2.4. Gene expression analysis 23
2.3. Discussion 26
3. Conclusion 30
Bibliography 31
Figure Legends 39
국문초록 43
Table 1. Primer sequences for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction 38
Figure 1. Schematic illustrate of the cell-assisted lipotransfer (CAL). 11
Figure 2. Schematic overview of the animal study design. 13
Figure 3. Representative experiment group of baseline, control, low CAL, and high CAL groups injected with 4T1 cells and different... 14
Figure 4. Bioluminescent imaging for determining the optimal number of cancer cells for injection (n=3). 17
Figure 5. Gross observation and measurement of tumor mass four weeks after injection of 4T1 cells and three weeks after fat/CAL... 18
Figure 6. Gross examination of the tumor in the (A) baseline, (B) control, (C) low CAL, (D) and high CAL groups. Images show co-... 19
Figure 7. Representative hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections of the fat tumor mass from each group. Me asurement of the Ki-67... 20
Figure 8. Immunostaining of vessel distribution in grafted fat (n=6). 22
Figure 9. Whole-mount immunostaining of three experimental group grafted fat. 23
Figure 10. Expression of different genes from grafted fat and tumor 25
Figure 11. Schematic diagram of animal experiments. (A) The 3rd mammary fat pad was marked using a blue colored pen, (B) and the... 27