Title Page
Abstract
A note on translation
Contents
List of abbreviations 13
Chapter 1. Introduction 14
1.1. Study Background 14
1.1.1. Introduction 14
1.1.2. Background case 16
1.2. Purpose of Research 20
1.3. Research questions 20
1.4. Scope of Research 21
1.5. Outline of this Thesis 21
Chapter 2. Literature Review and Theory 22
2.1. Literature Review 22
2.2. Theories 23
2.2.1. Public policy, policy failure 23
2.2.3. Multiple-Streams Model 24
Chapter 3. Data and Methods 27
3.1. Data 27
3.1.1. Primary data 27
3.1.2. Secondary data 28
3.2. Analytical Method 30
3.3. Analytical Framework 31
3.3.1. Factor related to inter-organizational conflicts 31
3.3.2. Independent variables, dependent variables, moderating variables and other variables 32
Chapter 4. Empirical Analysis 36
4.1. Main findings 36
4.1.1. Analysis of Multiple Stream Model on explaining the policy-making process of Article 74 of the 2014 Vietnamese Housing Law 36
4.1.2. Main actors involved in creating Article 74 of the 2014 Vietnamese Housing Law 40
4.1.3. Main drivers in creating Article 74 of the 2014 Vietnamese Housing Law 44
4.1.4. Obstacles in the process of creating Article 74 of the 2014 Vietnamese Housing Law 46
4.1.5. The formality of the policy process of Article 74 of the 2014 Vietnamese Housing Law 48
4.1.6. The outcome of the policy-making process of Article 74 of the 2014 Vietnamese Housing Law 54
4.1.7. Some recommendations from survey's respondents 57
4.2. Independent factors affected the success of the policy of Article of the 2014 Vietnamese Housing Law 59
4.2.1. The "Inter-organizational conflicts" in the policy process of the Article 74 of the 2014 Vietnamese Housing Law 59
4.2.2. Lacking of preparation as well as human and capital resources for implementing the policy of Article 74 of the 2014 Vietnamese Housing Law 79
4.2.3. Lacking of policy assessment on the impact of the policy of supporting loans through the Vietnam Bank for Social Policies 81
4.3. Moderating factors affected the policy process of Article 74 of the 2014 Vietnamese Housing Law 83
4.4. Summary 84
Chapter 5. Discussion and recommendations 86
5.1. Discussion 86
5.2. Policy Recommendations 87
5.3. Limitations of the research 88
5.3.1. External validity 88
5.3.2. Internal validity 88
5.4. Conclusion 88
Bibliography 90
APPENDICES 96
APPENDIX I. INTERVIEW QUESTIONS 96
APPENDIX II. A SURVEY 100
APPENDIX III. DOCUMENTS RELATING TO 2014 VIETNAMESE HOUSING LAW PROJECTS THAT MINISTRY OF CONSTRUCTION SENT TO MINISTRY OF JUSTICE FOR BEING APPRAISALLED 108
APPENDIX IV. DOCUMENTS RELATING TO 2014 VIETNAMESE HOUSING LAW PROJECTS THAT VIETNAMESE GOVERNMENT SENT TO THE XIII NATIONAL ASSEMBLY 110
APPENDIX V. OTHER REPORTS RELATING TO 2014 VIETNAMESE HOUSING LAW PROJECTS 113
APPENDIX VI. OTHER RELATING LEGAL DOCUMENTS 114
Abstract in Korean 116
Table 1. Number and Category of Interviewees and Respondents 28
Table 2. Number and Category of secondary data collected 29
Table 3. Study's variables and Data Sources 33
Table 4. Analysis of Interviewee and Respondents on Question III.2, APPENDIX II 38
Table 5. Main actors involved in creating Article 74 of the 2014 Vietnamese Housing Law 41
Table 6. Main drivers of Article 74 of the 2014 Vietnamese Housing Law 44
Table 7. Analysis of Interviewee and Survey's Respondents about obstacles in process of creating Article 74 of the 2014 Vietnamese Housing Law 47
Table 8. Analysis of Interviewees' Opinions about the formality of the policy process of Article 74 of the 2014 Vietnamese Housing Law 49
Table 9. Announcements/News relating to the 2014 Vietnamese Housing Law Projects 50
Table 10. Analysis of policy-making process of the 2014 Vietnamese Housing Law Projects before and after being sent to the National Assembly 52
Table 11. Analysis of Respondents for Survey Question II.12a. Please explain why 56
Table 12. The interviewees' opinions about the ineffectiveness of the policy-making process of Article 74 of the 2014 Vietnamese Housing Law 57
Table 13. Respondents for Survey Question III.6. Do you have any suggestions to improve policy formulation for other legislative process in the future? 58
Table 14. Analysis of Interviewees' Viewpoints about the root cause of the delay in implementing the policy of Article 74 of the 2014 Vietnamese Housing Law 59
Table 15. Analysis of 06 drafts of the 2014 Vietnamese Housing Law discussing in the National Assembly 61
Table 16. Analysis of Relating Report of the 2014 Vietnamese Housing Law Project 72
Table 17. Analysis of Interviewees' Opinions about whether there were disagreements between the Ministries during the policy process of Article 74 of the 2014 Housing Law or not 78
Table 18. Analysis of interviewees' opinions about the reason why the policy of Article 74 of the 2014 Vietnamese Housing Law was delayed 79
Table 19. Respondents for Survey Question III.4. Why is a part of the loan support policy through the Vietnam Bank for Social Policies for social housing development... 80
Table 20. Interviewee's Opinion about whether at the time the Government submitted the 2014 Vietnamese Housing Law Project to the National Assembly, has... 81
Figure 1. Policy Process of the 2014 Vietnamese Housing Law 18
Figure 2. Multiple-Streams Model 25
Figure 3. Analytical Framework Summary 31
Figure 4. Analysis of the policy-making process of Article 74 of the 2014 Vietnamese Housing Law based on the Multiple Stream Model 37
Figure 5. Respondents for Survey Question II.10. Were Stakeholders (experts, socio-political organizations, beneficiaries of the document) involved in the policy-... 40
Figure 6. Respondents for Survey Question II.10.a. If yes, who participated? 41
Figure 7. Respondents for Survey Question III.1. From what period has the content specified in Article 74 of the 2014 Housing Law project changed? 43
Figure 8. Respondents for Survey Question II.11. In your opinion, was the 2014 Housing Law project built in accordance with the process of developing legal... 48
Figure 9. Respondents for Survey Question II.12. Were the issues that need to be resolved in the policy-making process of Article 74 of the 2014 Housing Law really resolved? 55
Figure 10. Timeline of the drafts of the 2014 Vietnamese Housing Law that the National Assembly gather the comments from Vietnamese citizens 60
Figure 11. Respondents for Survey Question II.9. Did the Ministries have any disagreements on the formulation of Article 74 of the 2014 Housing Law? 77
Figure 12. Respondents for Survey Question III.3. Was there any policy assessment on the impact of the policy of supporting loans through the Vietnam Bank for... 82
Figure 13. Respondents for Survey Question II.8. Do you think that the failure to do an adequate policy impact assessment prior to the enactment of legislation was... 82