표제지
목차
Part Ⅰ. 양성자 교환막 연료전지의 내구성 있는 작동을 위한 Gadolinium-ceira/SPEEK 복합막 11
Ⅰ-1. 서론 11
Ⅰ-1.1. 현재 연료전지 시장 11
Ⅰ-1.2. 양성자 교환 막 연료 전지의 구조 및 원리 14
Ⅰ-1.3. 양성자 교환 전해질막 종류 및 장단점 및 연구배경 17
Ⅰ-2. 실험 25
Ⅰ-2.1. 시약 25
Ⅰ-2.2. 시료 물질 합성방법 25
Ⅰ-2.3. 복합 막 제조 과정 25
Ⅰ-2.4. 물질 함량 기준 26
Ⅰ-3. 결과 및 고찰 29
Ⅰ-3.1. 복합 막 물성 확인 29
Ⅰ-3.2. 복합 막의 물리적 안정성 확인 34
Ⅰ-3.3. 복합 막의 화학적 안정성 확인 35
Ⅰ-3.4. 결론 36
Part Ⅱ. 양성자 교환 막 연료 전지 성능 향상을 위한 SPEEK와 Isophthalic acid의 이중 가교 결합 전해질막 37
Ⅱ-1. 서론 37
Ⅱ-1.1. 가교 결합 전해질막 개발 연구 배경 37
Ⅱ-2. 실험 44
Ⅱ-2.1. 시약 44
Ⅱ-2.2. 시료 물질 합성방법 44
Ⅱ-2.3. 가교 결합 막 제조 과정 44
Ⅱ-3. 결과 및 고찰 45
Ⅱ-3.1. 가교 결합 막의 가교 결합 확인 45
Ⅱ-3.2. 가교 결합 막의 물성 확인 47
Ⅱ-3.3. 가교 결합 막의 물리적 안정성 확인 52
Ⅱ-3.4. 가교 결합 막의 상 분리 구조 확인 53
Ⅱ-3.5. 가교 결합 막의 전도도 확인 56
Ⅱ-3.6. 가교 결합 막의 연료 전지 성능 확인 57
Ⅱ-3.7. 결론 58
참고문헌 59
국문요약지 64
Table 1. Cluster distance table of membranes 55
Figure 1. (a) Current Fuel Cell market size and (b) future forecast 12
Figure 2. Type of fuel cell 12
Figure 3. (a) Usage of PEMFC and (b) range of application 13
Figure 4. Fuel cell stack 15
Figure 5. Structure of unit cell 15
Figure 6. Principle of PEMFC 16
Figure 7. Oxygen reduction reaction formula of fuel cell 16
Figure 8. Structure of Nafion 20
Figure 9. Proton transfer mechanism 20
Figure 10. Fuel cell commercialization issue 20
Figure 11. Structure of SPEEK 21
Figure 12. Dimensional changes and proton conductivity differences between nafion and SPEEK 21
Figure 13. Schematic of SPEEK/GDC composite membrane 22
Figure 14. Cerium Oxide radical scavenging mechanism 22
Figure 15. (a) Difference absorbance and (b) changing absorbance of ceria composite membrane by radical reaction 23
Figure 16. IEC difference by adding Ceria nanoparticles 23
Figure 17. Oxygen vacancy schematic of GDC 24
Figure 18. (a) Increasing oxygen vacancy and (b) ion conductivity of GDC 24
Figure 19. Schematic of nanoparticle's synthesis process 27
Figure 20. SEM image of (a) Ceria, (b) GDC nanoparticles 27
Figure 21. XRD patterns of synthesized ceria and GDC 27
Figure 22. Process of making composite membrane 28
Figure 23. Dispersion of 1wt% of composite solution 28
Figure 24. Photographic and SEM images of (a) Pristine SPEEK membrane, (b) Ceria/SPEEK (c) GDC/SPEEK composite membrane 28
Figure 25. (a) Water uptake, (b) volumetric expansion with swelling of membranes 31
Figure 26. The state of water of membranes 32
Figure 27. IEC of composite membranes with various nanoparticle contents. 32
Figure 28. Proton conductivity of SPEEK, SPEEK/Ceria and SPEEK/GDC membranes. 33
Figure 29. Mechanical properties of SPEEK, SPEEK/GDC and SPEEK/Ceria membranes. 34
Figure 30. Chemical stability of SPEEK, SPEEK/Ceria and SPEEK/GDC membranes 35
Figure 31. Swelling ratio of SPEEK 39
Figure 32. Increasing (a)swelling ratio and (b) mechanical durability of crosslinking 40
Figure 33. (a) Water uptake and (b) conductivity of difference contents of sulfonated crosslinker 40
Figure 34. Mechanism of crosslinking density and sulfonated crosslinker contents 41
Figure 35. (a) Conductivity and (b) water contents of difference crosslinking density and contents 42
Figure 36. Schematic diagram of cross-linking membrane 42
Figure 37. Cross-linking mechanism of membrane structure 43
Figure 38. Photographic images of (a) SPEEK, (b) r-SPEEK/SIPA, (c) c-SPEEK/SIPA 45
Figure 39. FT-IR spectra of membranes 46
Figure 40. Solubility test immersed in Dimethyl sulfoxide 46
Figure 41. IEC of difference contents of (a) SPEEK/SIPA, (b) SPEEK/IPA 49
Figure 42. Mechanism of decreasing amount of sulfonic acid group through cross-linking 49
Figure 43. Thermal stabilities of (a) SPEEK/SIPA, (b) SPEEK/IPA cross-linking membranes. 50
Figure 44. Water uptake and swelling of (a) SPEEK/SIPA, (b) SPEEK/IPA membranes. 51
Figure 45. Mechanical stability of (a) SPEEK/SIPA, (b) SPEEK/IPA membranes. 52
Figure 46. AFM phase image of membranes 54
Figure 47. SAXS graph of membranes 54
Figure 48. Proton conductivity of crosslinking membrane at different RH. 56
Figure 49. Fuel cell performance of crosslinking membrane at (a) RH100, (b) RH50. 57