Title Page
Contents
국문초록 9
I. Introduction 11
II. Materials and Methods 13
1. Animals 13
2. Laser equipment 13
3. Laser preconditioning 13
4. Flap surgery 15
5. Measurement of flap survival 17
6. Tissue collection 19
7. Flap and laser column thickness 21
8. Capillary cross sectional area measurement 21
9. Capillary density count 21
10. VEGF expression 21
11. Statistical analyses 22
III. Results 23
1. Flap survival 23
2. Results of flap and laser column thickness 26
3. Results of capillary cross sectional area measurement 27
4. Comparison of capillary density 28
5. Comparison of VEGF expression 29
IV. Discussion 31
V. Conclusion 35
VI. References 36
ABSTRACT 40
Table I. Results of flap survival. Increased flap survival was observed in the laser preconditioning group compared to the control group (Independent t-test:... 25
Table II. Capillary density, cross sectional area and VEGF expression of the laser preconditioning group were superior to those of the control group.... 30
Fig. 1. Before the laser preconditioning (a) and right after the procedure (b). 14
Fig. 2. Caudally based 8 x 3 cm² sized dorsal skin flap - McFarlane type (a). A sterile sheet of rubber barrier was located on the deep fascia to prevent plasma... 16
Fig. 3. Photos and ICG-FA of flaps. A gross photograph of the flap of control group (a) and ICG-FA (b). A photograph of the study group (c) and ICG-FA (d)... 18
Fig. 4. A most proximal quarter of the flap was examined for the histology (A). 20
Fig. 5. Representative samples of viable and necrotic skin regions in dorsal skin flaps on postoperative day 7. (A, the laser preconditioning group: B, the control group) 24
Fig. 6. Cross sections of the laser preconditioned skin flap. The average depth of the laser column was 1791.07 ± 452.25 μm. It penetrated through the panniculus... 26
Fig. 7. Measurement of capillary cross sectional area. The laser preconditioning resulted in marked vasodilatation (right, x 400), as indicated by significantly... 27
Fig. 8. Sub-panniculus carnosus capillaries of the control group (A, x 400) and the laser preconditioning group (B, x 400) on anti-CD31 antibody staining (Red... 28
Fig. 9. VEGF expression on anti-VEGF antibody staining. Much more brown stained cells (black arrows) were observed in the laser preconditioning group (B) than in... 29