Title Page
Contents
Abstract 7
국문요약 8
I. Taxonomic study on the genus Syllis 14
I.1. Introduction 14
I.2. Materials and Methods 18
I.2.1. Sampling and morphological observation 18
I.2.2. Molecular data 18
I.3. Results and discussion 23
I.3.1. Systematic accounts 23
I.3.2. Molecular analysis 71
I.3.3. Key to the Korean species of the genus Syllis 74
II. Analysis of mitochondrial genome of Armandia amakusaensis 77
II.1. Introduction 77
II.2. Materials and Methods 79
II.2.1. Sample collection and cultivation 79
II.2.2. Mitochondrial DNA extraction, amplification, and sequencing 79
II.2.3. Assembly and annotation 80
II.2.4. Phylogenetic analysis 80
II.3. Results and discussion 83
II.3.1. Mitochondrial genome of Armandia amakusaensis 83
III. Conclusion 90
IV. References 92
Table 1. List of sampling sites. 21
Table 2. Information of primers used in this study. 22
Table 3. Pairwise genetic distances of COI sequences (384bp) between the Korean specimens of Syllis aciculata orientalis (Imajima & Hartman, 1964) and its congeners. 29
Table 4. Pairwise genetic distances of 16S rDNA sequences (438bp) between the Korean specimens of Syllis aciculata orientalis (Imajima & Hartman, 1964) and its congeners. 29
Table 5. Pairwise genetic distances of COI sequences (598bp) between Syllis adamantea kurilensis (Chlebovitsch, 1959) and its congeners. 35
Table 6. Pairwise genetic distances of 16S rDNA sequences (400bp) between Syllis adamantea kurilensis (Chlebovitsch, 1959) and its congeners. 35
Table 7. Pairwise genetic distances of COI sequences (598bp) between Syllis ehlersioides (Marenzeller, 1890) and its congeners. 39
Table 8. Pairwise genetic distances of 16S rDNA sequences (448bp) between Syllis ehlersioides (Marenzeller, 1890) and its congeners. 39
Table 9. Morphological comparison between Syllis cf. pigmentata (Chamberlin, 1919) and its congeners. 45
Table 10. Pairwise genetic distances of COI sequences (497bp) between Syllis cf. pigmentata (Chamberlin, 1919) and its congeners. 49
Table 11. Pairwise genetic distances of 16S rDNA sequences (434bp) between Syllis cf. pigmentata (Chamberlin, 1919) and its congeners. 49
Table 12. Morphological comparison between Syllis sp. nov. 1 and its congeners. 56
Table 13. Pairwise genetic distances of COI sequences (621bp) between Syllis sp. nov. 1 and its congeners. 60
Table 14. Pairwise genetic distances of 16S rDNA sequences (352bp) between Syllis sp. nov. 1 and its congeners. 60
Table 15. Morphological comparison between Syllis sp. nov. 2 and its congeners. 66
Table 16. Pairwise genetic distances of 16S rDNA sequences (417bp) between Syllis sp. nov. 2 and its congeners. 70
Table 17. Information of primers used in this study. 82
Table 18. Comparison of gene arrangement of Armandia amakusaensis Saito, Tamaki & Imajima, 2000 and other sedentary polychaetes. Only protein-coding genes and ribosomal RNA genes were included. The species analyzed in this study was... 86
Table 19. List of mitochondrial genome data used for phylogenetic analysis. The species whose mitochondrial genome were determined in this study was written... 89
Figure 1. Sampling sites of the Korean Syllis species. Detailed information of the 29 sampling sites is provided in Table 1. 20
Figure 2. Pigmentation of Syllis aciculata orientalis (Imajima & Hartman, 1964) (Inhaevodevo-LHE-0001), dorsal view. Scale bar=1 mm. 28
Figure 3. Pigmentation of Syllis adamantea kurilensis (Chlebovitsch, 1959) (Inhaevodevo-LHE-0002), dorsal view. Scale bar=1 mm. 34
Figure 4. Syllis ehlersioides (Marenzeller, 1890) (Inhaevodevo-LHE-0003), lateral view. Scale bar=1 mm. 38
Figure 5. Syllis cf. pigmentata (Chamberlin, 1919). A. Inhaevodevo-LHE-0004, B-H. Inhaevodevo-LHE-0005. A. anterior part, dorsal view; B. anterior... 46
Figure 6. Syllis cf. pigmentata (Chamberlin, 1919). A. Inhaevodevo-LHE-0004, B. Inhaevodevo-LHE-0006, C-I. Evodevo-LHE-0005. A. body, dorsal view; B.... 47
Figure 7. Scanning electron micrographs of Syllis cf. pigmentata (Chamberlin, 1919) (Inhaevodevo-LHE-0007). A. anterior compound chaeta; B. midbody... 48
Figure 8. Syllis sp. nov. 1. A. Inhaevodevo-LHE-0008, B-M. Inhaevodevo-LHE-0009. A. anterior region, dorsal view; B. anterior parapodium; C. midbody... 57
Figure 9. Syllis sp. nov. 1. A. Inhaevodevo-LHE-00010, B, E. Inhaevodevo-LHE-0011, C. Inhaevodevo-LHE-0012, D, F-J. Inhaevodevo-LHE-0009. A. body,... 58
Figure 10. Scanning electron micrographs of Syllis sp. nov. 1 (Inhaevodevo-LHE-0013). A. anterior compound chaetae; B. midbody compound chaetae; C.... 59
Figure 11. Syllis sp. nov. 2. A. Inhaevodevo-LHE-0014, B-L. Inhaevodevo-LHE-0015. A. anterior region, dorsal view; B. anterior parapodium; C. midbody... 67
Figure 12. Syllis sp. nov. 2. A. Inhaevodevo-LHE-0016; B. Inhaevodevo-LHE-0014; C. Inhaevodevo-LHE-0017, D-I. Inhaevodevo-LHE-0015. A. body, dorsal... 68
Figure 13. Scanning electron micrographs of Syllis sp. nov. 2 (Inhaevodevo-LHE-0018). A. anterior chaetae; B. midbody chaetae; C. dorsal-most chaeta on... 69
Figure 14. Neighbor-Joining (NJ) tree based on COI sequences of selected Syllis species. Bootstrap values of 〉50% of 1,000 bootstrap replicates were given at the... 72
Figure 15. Neighbor-Joining (NJ) tree based on 16S rDNA sequences of selected Syllis species. Bootstrap values of 〉50% of 1,000 bootstrap replicates were given... 73
Figure 16. The sampling site of Armandia amakusaensis Saito, Tamaki & Imajima, 2000. Eurwangni Beach, Jung-gu, Incheon, South Korea (37°26'52.0"N... 81
Figure 17. Mitochondrial genome map of Armandia amakusaensis Saito, Tamaki & Imajima, 2000. Green: protein-coding genes, red: ribosomal RNA genes, pink:... 85
Figure 18. The secondary structures of the tRNAs of Armandia amakusaensis Saito, Tamaki & Imajima, 2000. 87
Figure 19. Maximum-likelihood (ML) tree based on the concatenated sequences of the 10 protein-coding genes (PCGs) of Armandia amakusaensis Saito, Tamaki... 88