Title Page
ABSTRACT
Contents
LISTS OF ABBREVIATION 11
CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION 12
1.1. Introduction 12
1.2. Aims and Objective of the study 15
1.3. Scope and Limitation of the Study 16
1.4. Research Methodology 17
CHAPTER II. History of Khmer Rouge and Genocide 18
2.1. History of Khmer Rouge 18
2.1.1. The uprising of the Khmer Rouge 18
2.1.2. The CPK's Genocide after the power surge 20
2.2. Putting the Khmer Rouge Perpetrators accountable for the mass atrocities. 23
2.3. The Establishment of the ECCC 25
2.4. Chapter Conclusion 27
CHAPTER III. Genocide as International Crime 28
3.1. Introduction of International Criminal Law 28
3.1.1. Genocide 29
3.1.2. Crimes Against Humanity 30
3.1.3. War Crimes 31
3.1.4. The Crime of Aggression 33
3.2. the nature of Genocide 33
3.2.1. Genocide Definition 34
3.2.2. Structure and Characteristics of Genocide as an International Crime 36
3.2.3. The Four Protected Group under the Crime of Genocide 38
3.2.4. The physical elements of genocide (actus reus) 42
3.2.5. The Mental Elements of Genocide (mens reus) 48
3.3. Chapter Conclusion 56
CHAPTER IV. LEGAL FRAMEWORK OF THE CRIME OF GENOCIDE THE APPLIED IN THE ECCC 57
4.1. ECCC as an Ad hoc Tribunal Functions Compared to ICC 57
4.1.1. The Emerged of the ICC 57
4.1.2. The emerged of ECCC 58
4.2. Application of the Law of Genocide onto the ECCC 61
4.2.1. ECCC Genocide Definition within the Context of Genocide Convention 61
4.2.2. Application of Genocide to Khmer Rouge Crimes 65
4.3. Chapter Conclusion 77
CHAPTER V. THE CONTEXTUAL ANALYSIS ON THE JUDGEMENT UPON GENOCIDE INTENT TO COMMIT LARGE SCALE MASSACRE 79
5.1. Why the Four Protected Group of the Crimes of Genocide in ECCC should include a Fifth Group 79
5.1.1. Summary of reasons behind the exclusion of the political group 80
5.1.2. Proposal for the inclusion of political group in the ECCC 81
5.1.3. Cambodia should draft its own legislation on the Crime of Genocide 87
5.2. The Impact of the Judgement Decided by the ECCC 89
5.3. Chapter Conclusion 92
CHAPTER VI. CONCLUSION 94
REFERENCES 97