표제지
목차
국문요약 19
I. 서론 22
II. 위험물 정의 및 관련법 27
2.1. 위험물 정의 27
2.2. 위험물 관련법 28
III. 순수물질의 특성과 및 혼합물의 인화점 29
3.1. Octane의 물리적 특성 및 연소특성 29
3.2. Ethanol의 물리적 특성 및 연소특성 35
3.3. Isopropyl alcohol의 물리적 특성 및 연소특성 40
3.4. 2성분계 및 3성분계 혼합물의 인화점 45
IV. 자연발화온도의 이론 정리 48
4.1. 자연발화온도 의미 48
4.1.1. 자연발화 Mechanism 49
4.2. 자연 발화성 물질의 판정 51
4.2.1. 판정기준 51
4.2.2. 물리적 위험성의 분류 51
4.2.3. 자연발화성 액체 판정 52
4.3. 자연발화온도 열발화 이론 53
4.3.1. Semenov 모델 53
4.3.2. Frank-Kamenetskii 모델 54
4.4. 자연발화온도 영향인자 56
4.5. 다중회귀분석에 의한 자연발화온도 예측모델 57
4.6. 자연발화온도 예측모델의 검증 59
V. 자연발화온도 실험물질 및 측정방법 61
5.1. 실험물질 61
5.2. 자연발화온도 측정장치 62
5.3. 자연발화온도 측정방법 63
VI. 결과 및 고찰 65
6.1. 자연발화온도에 관한 실험적 연구 65
6.2. 순수물질의 자연발화온도 고찰 66
6.2.1. Octane의 자연발화온도와 활성화에너지 66
6.2.2. Ethanol의 자연발화온도와 활성화에너지 70
6.2.3. Isopropyl alcohol의 자연발화온도와 활성화에너지 74
6.3. 3성분계를 구성하는 2성분계의 자연발화온도 고찰 78
6.3.1. Octane과 Ethanol계의 자연발화온도 고찰 78
6.3.2. Octane과 Isopropyl alcohol계의 자연발화온도 고찰 102
6.4. 3성분계의 자연발화온도 고찰 126
6.4.1. Octane(0.2) + Ethanol(0.7) + Isopropyl alcohol(0.1)계의 자연발화온도 126
6.4.2. Octane(0.2) + Ethanol(0.5) + Isopropyl alcohol(0.3)계의 자연발화온도 130
6.4.3. Octane(0.2) + Ethanol(0.3) + Isopropyl alcohol(0.5)계의 자연발화온도 134
6.4.4. Octane(0.2) + Ethanol(0.1) + Isopropyl alcohol(0.7)계의 자연발화온도 138
6.4.5. Octane(0.3) + Ethanol(0.5) + Isopropyl alcohol(0.2)계의 자연발화온도 142
6.4.6. Octane(0.3) + Ethanol(0.2) + Isopropyl alcohol(0.5)계의 자연발화온도 146
6.4.7. Octane(0.5) + Ethanol(0.4) + Isopropyl alcohol(0.1)계의 자연발화온도 150
6.4.8. Octane(0.5) + Ethanol(0.1) + Isopropyl alcohol(0.4)계의 자연발화온도 154
6.4.9. Octane(0.7) + Ethanol(0.2) + Isopropyl alcohol(0.1)계의 자연발화온도 158
6.4.10. Octane + Ethanol + Isopropyl alcohol 계의 조성변화에 대한 AIT 예측 162
VII. 결론 168
7.1. Octane + Ethanol + Isopropyl alcohol 3성분계를 구성하는 2성분계의 자연발화온도 168
7.2. Octane + Ethanol + Isopropyl alcohol 3성분계의 자연발화온도 170
VIII. 참고문헌 173
ABSTRACT 177
Table 1. 넓은 의미의 위험물과 좁은 의미의 위험물 27
Table 2. 위험물 관련법 28
Table 3. MSDS data of n-octane 30
Table 4. Physicochemical properties of n-octane 33
Table 5. Comparison of autoignition temperature of n-octane 34
Table 6. MSDS data of ethanol 36
Table 7. Physicochemical properties of ethanol 38
Table 8. Comparison of autoignition temperature of ethanol 39
Table 9. MSDS data of isopropyl alcohol 41
Table 10. Physicochemical properties of isopropyl alcohol 43
Table 11. Comparison of autoignition temperature... 44
Table 12. 자연발화의 원인 및 특징 50
Table 13. 위험물 규정별 식별방법 51
Table 14. GHS와 UN의 화학물질 유해,위험성 분류 51
Table 15. Assay, CAS No. and AIT of experimental materials 61
Table 16. Comparison of experimental ignition delay time... 68
Table 17. Comparison of experimental ignition delay time... 72
Table 18. Comparison of experimental ignition delay time... 76
Table 19. Comparison of experimental ignition delay time... 80
Table 20. Comparison of experimental ignition delay time... 84
Table 21. Comparison of experimental ignition delay time... 88
Table 22. Comparison of experimental ignition delay time... 92
Table 23. Comparison of experimental ignition delay time... 96
Table 24. Experimental and the predicted autoignition temperature for... 99
Table 25. Comparison of experimental ignition delay time... 104
Table 26. Comparison of experimental ignition delay time by... 108
Table 27. Comparison of experimental ignition delay time by... 112
Table 28. Comparison of experimental ignition delay time by the... 116
Table 29. Comparison of experimental ignition delay time by the... 120
Table 30. Experimental and the predicted autoignition temperature for... 123
Table 31. Comparion of experimental and calculated delay time by... 128
Table 32. Comparion of experimental and calculated delay time by... 132
Table 33. Comparion of experimental and calculated delay time by AIT... 136
Table 34. Comparion of experimental and calculated delay time by AIT... 140
Table 35. Comparion of experimental and calculated delay time by AIT... 144
Table 36. Comparion of experimental and calculated delay time by AIT... 148
Table 37. Comparion of experimental and calculated delay time by AIT... 152
Table 38. Comparion of experimental and calculated delay time by AIT... 156
Table 39. Comparion of experimental and calculated delay time by AIT... 160
Table 40. Experimental and the predicted AITs for octane + ethanol +... 163
Table 41. The predicted equation of activation energy by AIT... 167
Fig. 1. Comparison of predicted flash point and the experimental data... 45
Fig. 2. Comparison of predicted flash point and the experimental data... 46
Fig. 3. Comparison of predicted flash point and the experimental data... 47
Fig. 4. 자연발화 Mechanism 49
Fig. 5. 자연발화성 액체 판정논리. 52
Fig. 6. Photograph of autoignition temperature apparatus(ASTM E659-78). 62
Fig. 7. Monitoring program of AIT. 64
Fig. 8. Monitoring program of AIT of octane. 67
Fig. 9. Comparison of the experimental ignition delay time for octane. 69
Fig. 10. Monitoring program of AIT of ethanol. 71
Fig. 11. Comparison of the experimental ignition delay time for ethanol. 73
Fig. 12. Monitoring program of AIT of isopropyl alcohol. 75
Fig. 13. Comparison of the experimental ignition delay time for isopropyl alcohol. 77
Fig. 14. Monitoring program of AIT of octane(0.9) + ethanol(0.1) system. 79
Fig. 15. Comparison of the experimental ignition delay time for... 81
Fig. 16. Monitoring program of AIT of octane(0.7) + ethanol(0.3) system. 83
Fig. 17. Comparison of the experimental ignition delay time for... 85
Fig. 18. Monitoring program of AIT of octane(0.5) + ethanol(0.5) system. 87
Fig. 19. Comparison of the experimental ignition delay time for... 89
Fig. 20. Monitoring program of AIT of octane(0.3) + ethanol(0.7) system. 91
Fig. 21. Comparison of the experimental ignition delay time for... 93
Fig. 22. Monitoring program of AIT of octane(0.1) + ethanol(0.9) system. 95
Fig. 23. Comparison of the experimental ignition delay time for... 97
Fig. 24. Comparison of AIT prediction curves(eqn. (34) and (35)} with... 100
Fig. 25. Comparison of autoignition temperature {eqn. (35)} and experimental... 101
Fig. 26. Monitoring program of AIT of octane(0.9) + isopropyl alcohol(0.1) system. 103
Fig. 27. Comparison of the experimental ignition delay time for... 105
Fig. 28. Monitoring program of AIT of octane(0.7) + isopropyl alcohol(0.3) system. 107
Fig. 29. Comparison of the experimental ignition delay time for... 109
Fig. 30. Monitoring program of AIT of octane(0.5) + isopropyl alcohol(0.5) system. 111
Fig. 31. Comparison of the experimental ignition delay time for... 113
Fig. 32. Monitoring program of AIT of octane(0.3) + isopropyl alcohol(0.7) system. 115
Fig. 33. Comparison of the experimental ignition delay time for... 117
Fig. 34. Monitoring program of AIT of octane(0.1) + isopropyl alcohol(0.9) system. 119
Fig. 35. Comparison of the experimental ignition delay time for... 121
Fig. 36. Comparison of AIT prediction curves {eqn. (46)and (47)} with... 124
Fig. 37. Comparison of autoignition temperature {eqn. (47)} and experimental... 125
Fig. 38. Monitoring program of AIT... 127
Fig. 39. Comparison between the experimental and calculated ignition delay... 129
Fig. 40. Monitoring program of AIT(octane(0.2) + ethanol(0.5) +... 131
Fig. 41. Comparison between the experimental and calculated ignition delay... 133
Fig. 42. Monitoring program of AIT(octane(0.2) + ethanol(0.3) +... 135
Fig. 43. Comparison between the experimental and calculated ignition delay... 137
Fig. 44. Monitoring program of AIT(octane(0.2) + ethanol(0.1) +... 139
Fig. 45. Comparison between the experimental and calculated ignition delay... 141
Fig. 46. Monitoring program of AIT(octane(0.3) + ethanol(0.5) +... 143
Fig. 47. Comparison between the experimental and calculated ignition delay... 145
Fig. 48. Monitoring program of AIT(octane(0.3) + ethanol(0.2) +... 147
Fig. 49. Comparison between the experimental and calculated ignition delay... 149
Fig. 50. Monitoring program of AIT(octane(0.5) + ethanol(0.4) +... 151
Fig. 51. Comparison between the experimental and calculated ignition delay... 153
Fig. 52. Monitoring program of AIT(octane(0.5) + ethanol(0.1) +... 155
Fig. 53. Comparison between the experimental and calculated ignition delay... 157
Fig. 54. Monitoring program of AIT(octane(0.7) + ethanol(0.2) +... 159
Fig. 55. Comparison between the experimental and calculated ignition delay... 161
Fig. 56. Experimental autoignition temperature distribution of octane +... 165
Fig. 57. Comparison of autoignition temperature eqn.(68) and experiment a... 166