표제지
목차
ABSTRACT 16
제1장 서론 18
제1절 연구의 목적과 필요성 18
제2장 이론적 배경 20
제1절 열 퍼머넌트 웨이브의 원리 20
제2절 열 퍼머넌트 웨이브에 의한 모발손상 22
제3절 환원제의 종류 및 특성 24
1. 티오글리콜산(Thioglycdic acid) 24
2. 시스테인(Cysteine) 24
3. 시스테아민(Cysteamine) 25
제4절 화장품 제형의 종류 및 특징 27
1. 점도(viscosity) 27
2. 제형(Formulation) 27
제3장 실험 재료 및 연구 방법 29
제1절 설문 연구방법 29
1. 사전 설문 조사 29
제2절 실험 연구 방법 31
1. 재료 및 방법 31
2. 연구 모형 및 방법 34
제3절 측정 방법 36
1. 웨이브 효율 및 유지력 측정법 36
2. 인장강도 측정법 37
3. 메틸렌블루염색법에 의한 흡광도 측정법 37
4. SEM을 이용한 모발 굵기 측정법 38
5. FE-SEM을 이용한 모표피 관찰모발의 두께 측정법 38
6. AFM을 이용한 모표피 미세구조 관찰 39
7. 자료 분석 방법 40
제4장 연구결과 및 고찰 41
제1절 설문 연구결과 및 고찰 41
1. 일반적 특성 41
2. 펌제 사용실태 42
3. 퍼머넌트 웨이브 용액(펌제)의 제형에 대한 인식조사 45
제2절 실험 연구결과 및 고찰 47
1. 웨이브 효율 및 지속력 분석 47
2. 인장 강도 측정 결과 61
3. 메틸렌 블루 흡광도 분석 66
4. SEM을 이용한 모발 굵기 비교 분석 70
5. SEM을 이용한 큐티클 표면 관찰 92
6. FE-SEM을 이용한 큐티클 두께 비교 분석 96
7. AFM을 이용한 모발 미세구조 관찰 102
제5장 결론 113
참고문헌 116
부록 121
국문초록 124
〈Table 2-1〉 Types and features of reducing agents 26
〈Table 3-1〉 Questionnaire content of preliminary survey 30
〈Table 3-2〉 composition of Permanent wave solution(I) 32
〈Table 3-3〉 composition of Permanent wave solution(II) 33
〈Table 3-4〉 Viscosity measurement of Reducung agent 33
〈Table 4-1〉 General characteristics 41
〈Table 4-2〉 the status of use of permanent wave solution 43
〈Table 4-3〉 Investigate perception of the formulation of permanent wave solution 46
〈Table 4-4〉 measurement of wave formation on virgin hair with according to formulation and reducing agents of permanent wave solution 48
〈Table 4-5〉 measurement of wave on damage hair with according to formulation and reducing agents of permanent wave solution 51
〈Table 4-6〉 measurement of wave sustainability after 7 times shampoo of virgin hair with according to formulation and reducing agents... 53
〈Table 4-7〉 measurement of wave sustainability after 7 times shampoo of damage hair with according to reducing agent and... 55
〈Table 4-8〉 measurement of wave sustainability after 14 times shampoo of virgin hair with according to formulation and reducing agents... 57
〈Table 4-9〉 measurement of wave sustainability after 14 times shampoo of damage hair with according to formulation and reducing... 59
〈Table 4-10〉 measurement result of wave Tensile strengths of virgin hair with according to formulation and reducing agents of... 63
〈Table 4-11〉 measurement result of wave Tensile strengths of damage hair with according to formulation and reducing agents of... 65
〈Table 4-12〉 measurement result of absorbance of virgin hair with according to formulation and reducing agents of permanent... 67
〈Table 4-13〉 measurement result of absorbance of damage hair with according to formulation and reducing agents of permanen... 69
〈Table 4-14〉 measurement result thickness of virgin hair-high by SEM after hair treatment according to formulation and... 71
〈Table 4-15〉 measurement result thickness of virgin hair-mid by SEM after hair treatment according to formulation and reducing agents of... 74
〈Table 4-16〉 measurement result thickness of virgin hair-low by SEM after hair treatment according to formulation and reducing agents of... 77
〈Table 4-17〉 measurement result thickness of damage hair-high by SEM after hair treatment according to formulation and reducing... 80
〈Table 4-18〉 measurement result thickness of damage hair-mid by SEM after hair treatment with according to formulation and... 83
〈Table 4-19〉 measurement result thickness of damage hair-low by SEM after hair treatment according to formulation and reducing... 86
〈Table 4-20〉 measurement result thickness of virgin hair by SEM after hair treatment according to formulation and reducing agents of... 89
〈Table 4-21〉 measurement result thickness of damage hair by SEM after hair treatment according to formulation and reducing agents of... 91
〈Table 4-22〉 measurement result cuticle thickness of virgin hair by FE-SEM after hair treatment according to formulation and... 97
〈Table 4-23〉 measurement result cuticle thickness of damage hair by FE-SEM after hair treatment according to formulation and... 100
〈Table 4-24〉 measurement result roughness of virgin hair by AFM after hair treatment according to formulation and reducing agents of... 104
〈Table 4-25〉 measurement result roughness of damage hair by AFM after hair treatment according to formulation and reducing agents... 109
〈Fig. 3-1〉 Research Model. 35
〈Fig. 3-2〉 measurement of wave formation & retentivity. 36
〈Fig. 3-3〉 AFM(atomic Force Microscope XE-100, Park System, Korea). 39
〈Fig. 4-1〉 wave formation of virgin hair according to formulation and reducing agents of permanent wave solution. VH-A1: Permanent wave hair with... 49
〈Fig. 4-2〉 The image of wave formation by permanent wave solution on virgin hair. abbreviations were the same as 〈Fig 4-1〉. 49
〈Fig. 4-3〉 wave formation on damage hair according to formulation and reducing agents of permanent wave solution. DH-A1: Permanent wave hair with... 52
〈Fig. 4-4〉 The image of wave formation by permanent wave solution on damage hair. 52
〈Fig. 4-5〉 Wave sustainability after 7 times shampoo of virgin hair according to formulation and reducing agents of permanent wave solution... 54
〈Fig. 4-6〉 The image of wave sustainability after 7 times shampoo of virgin hair. 54
〈Fig. 4-7〉 wave sustainability after 7 times shampoo of damage hair with according to formulation and reducing agents of permanent wave solution,... 56
〈Fig. 4-8〉 The image of wave sustainability after 7 times shampoo of damage hair. 56
〈Fig. 4-9〉 wave sustainability after 14 times shampoo of virgin hair with according to formulation and reducing agent of permanent wave solution,... 58
〈Fig. 4-10〉 The image of wave sustainability after 14 times shampoo of virgin hair. 58
〈Fig. 4-11〉 wave sustainability after 14 times shampoo of damage hair with according to formulation and reducing agent of permanent wave solution,... 60
〈Fig. 4-12〉 The image of wave sustainability after 14 times shampoo of damage hair. 60
〈Fig. 4-13〉 Tensile strengths of virgin hair with according to formulation and reducng agents of permanent wave solution, VH: Virgin hair (without... 63
〈Fig. 4-14〉 Tensile strengths of damage hair with according to formulation and reducing agents of permanent wave solution , DH: Damage hair... 65
〈Fig. 4-15〉 absorbance of virgin hair with according to formulation and reducing agents of permanent wave solution, abbreviations were the same... 67
〈Fig. 4-16〉 absorbance of damage hair with according to formulation and reducing agents of permanent wave solution abbreviations were the same... 69
〈Fig. 4-17〉 The thickness of virgin hair-high by SEM after hair treatment according to formulation and reducing agents of... 71
〈Fig. 4-18〉 The thickness and surface image of virgin hair-high by SEM after hair treatment according to the formulation and reducing agents of... 72
〈Fig. 4-19〉 The thickness of virgin hair-mid by SEM after hair treatment according to formulation and reducing agents of... 74
〈Fig. 4-20〉 The thickness and surface image of virgin hair-mid by SEM after hair treatment according to formulation and reducing agents of... 75
〈Fig. 4-21〉 The thickness of virgin hair-low by SEM after hair treatment according to formulation and reducing agents of permanent wave solution.... 77
〈Fig. 4-22〉 The thickness and surface image of virgin hair-low by SEM after hair treatment according to formulation and reducing agents of... 78
〈Fig. 4-23〉 The thickness of damage hair-high by SEM after hair treatment according to formulation and reducing agents of... 80
〈Fig. 4-24〉 The thickness and surface image of damage hair-high by SEM after hair treatment according to formulation and reducing agents of... 81
〈Fig. 4-25〉 The thickness of damage hair-mid by SEM after hair treatment with according to formulation and reducing agents of... 83
〈Fig. 4-26〉 The thickness and surface image of damage hair-Mid by SEM after hair treatment according to formulation and reducing agents of... 84
〈Fig. 4-27〉 The thickness of damage hair-low by SEM after hair treatment with according to formulation and reducing agents of... 86
〈Fig. 4-28〉 The thickness and surface image of damage hair-Low by SEM after hair treatment according to formulation and reducing agents of... 87
〈Fig. 4-29〉 The thickness of virgin hair by SEM after hair treatment according to formulation and reducing agents of... 89
〈Fig. 4-30〉 The thickness of damage hair by SEM after hair treatment according to formulation and reducing agents of... 91
〈Fig. 4-31〉 The cuticle surface image of virgin hair by SEM after hair treatment according to formulation and reducing agents of... 93
〈Fig. 4-32〉 The cuticle surface image of damage hair by SEM after hair treatment according to formulation and reducing agents of... 95
〈Fig. 4-33〉 The cuticle thickness of virgin hair by FE-SEM after hair treatment according to formulation and reducing agents of... 97
〈Fig. 4-34〉 The cuticle thickness image of virgin hair by FE-SEM after hair treatment according to formulation and reducing agents of... 98
〈Fig. 4-35〉 The cuticle thickness of damage hair by FE-SEM after hair treatment according to formulation and reducing agents of... 100
〈Fig. 4-36〉 The cuticle thickness image of damage hair by FE-SEM after hair treatment according to formulation and reducing agents of... 101
〈Fig. 4-37〉 The cuticle roughness of virgin hair by AFM after hair treatment according to formulation and reducing agents of... 104
〈Fig. 4-38〉 The cuticle roughness 3D image and line profile graph of virgin hair through AFM after hair treatment according to formulation and... 105
〈Fig. 4-39〉 The cuticle roughness 3D image and line profile graph of virgin hair through AFM after hair treatment according to formulation and... 106
〈Fig. 4-40〉 The cuticle roughness 3D image and line profile graph of virgin hair through AFM after hair treatment according to formulation and... 107
〈Fig. 4-41〉 The cuticle roughness of damage hair by AFM after hair treatment according to formulation and reducing agents of permanent wave... 109
〈Fig. 4-42〉 The cuticle roughness 3D image and line profile graph of damage hair through AFM after hair treatment according to formulation... 110
〈Fig. 4-43〉 The cuticle roughness 3D image and line profile graph of damage hair through AFM after hair treatment according to formulation... 111
〈Fig. 4-44〉 The cuticle roughness 3D image and line profile graph of damage hair through AFM after hair treatment according to formulation... 112