Title Page
Abstract
Definitions of Key Terms
Contents
Chapter 1. Introduction to the Study 15
Background of the Study 16
Problem Statement 18
Purpose of the Study 21
Research Questions 23
Significance of the Study 24
Significance to Theory 24
Significance to Practice 26
Positionality 28
Summary 31
Chapter 2. Literature Review 33
Theoretical Foundation 33
Theoretical Framework 52
Berry's Model of Acculturative Stress (1997) 52
The Theory of Preventive Stress Management (TPSM) 55
Literature Review 60
Literature search strategy 60
Acculturative stress among Chinese students in South Korea 68
Stress management strategies among Chinese students in South Korea 78
Summary and Conclusions 88
Chapter 3. Research Method 91
Research Design 91
Sampling 98
Interview Guide 99
Data-Collection Procedures 109
Coding and Analysis 110
Ethical Considerations 114
Summary 115
Chapter 4. Result(s) 118
Factors Contributing to Acculturative Stress 118
Korean and English language proficiency 118
Cultural distance and cultural shock 120
Feeling lonely and not guilty to family 122
Academic difficulties 124
Financial difficulty 125
Perceived discrimination 126
Part-time job 127
The Covid-19 pandemic 127
Stress Coping Strategies from the Individual Perspective 128
Communicating or chatting with parents or friends online 128
Eating and drinking to excess 129
Engaging in doing something interesting 130
Watching Korean videos 130
Doing sports 131
Going shopping 131
The Relationship Between Strategies and Demographic Characteristic 132
Gender 132
Education level 133
Experiences of living abroad 133
Age 134
Length of Stay 134
Stress Management Strategies from the Organizational Perspective 134
Organizational support and services 135
Social support 137
Expected stress management program 138
Stress prevention or intervention 140
Summary 141
Chapter 5. Discussion, Conclusions, and Recommendations 143
Interpretation of Findings 143
Implications 163
Theoretical implications 163
Practical implications 165
Limitations of the Study 167
Recommendations for Research 169
Conclusions 171
References 174
Appendices 226
Appendix 1. Consent Letter 226
Appendix 2. 訪談知情同意書 227
Appendix 3. INTERVIEW GUIDE 228
Appendix 4. 訪談提綱 232
Table 1. Major Theories on Stress 37
Table 2. Three Stages of Theory of Preventive Stress Management (TPSM) 59
Table 3. Demographic Characteristics of Respondents 218
Table 4. Overview of codebook 220
Figure 1. Potential Sources of Stress, Model of Stress 38
Figure 2. Consequences of Stress, Model of Stress 39
Figure 3. Acculturation Orientations and Societal Profiles 42
Figure 4. Berry's Model of Acculturative Stress and Social Support 45
Figure 5. Berry's Model of Acculturative Stress 54
Figure 6. Preventive Stress Management Model 56
Figure 7. The geographic distribution of the respondents 99
Figure 8. Circular Process of Coding 113