Title Page
Contents
ABSTRACT 10
I. Introduction 13
1. Background of the Study 13
2. Statement of the Problem 17
3. Objectives of the Study 20
4. Research Questions 21
II. Theoretical Background 22
1. Significance of the Study 22
1.1. Definitions of Key Terms 23
1.2. The Scope of the Study 25
1.3. The History of Writing 26
1.4. What is Writing? 29
1.5. Why is Writing Important for Korean Students? 32
1.6. Differences Between Writing and Speaking as a Form of Communication 35
2. Literature Review 38
2.1. Korean ESL Writing and Overall Attitudes Toward English Writing in Korea 38
2.2. Peer Feedback 43
3. Approaches to Writing Instruction 48
3.1. The Genre Approach 48
3.2. The Product Approach 52
3.3. The Process Approach 55
4. The Genre Approach to Writing 62
4.1. What is Genre? 62
4.2. What are the Benefits to a Process Genre Approach to TESOL Writing? 63
4.3. The Teacher's Role in a Process Genre-based Approach to Writing 68
4.4. Scaffolding and Peer Editing 71
4.5. The Pedagogy Behind Genre-based Writing 77
5. Description of the Writing Program 82
5.1. Phonological Awareness 84
5.2. Vocabulary Acquisition 93
5.3. Sentences for a Solid Foundation 102
5.4. Journal/Diary Writing 106
5.5. Paragraphs 109
5.6. Essays and Genres 113
6. Implementation of the Curriculum 145
III. Methodology 148
1. Research Context and Design 148
2. Setting 150
3. Participants 151
4. The Use of a Survey 154
5. Data Collection Methods 155
6. The Survey Questionnaire to Examine Student Perceptions 157
7. Individual Student Synopsis 158
7.1. Riley 158
7.2. Chloe 161
7.3. Ashley 163
IV. Results and Discussion 167
1. Results 167
1.1. Results of Research Question 1: 168
1.2. Results of Research Question 2: 175
1.3. Results of Research Question 3: 181
2. Further Discussion 185
3. Limitations and Recommendations for Further Research 187
REFERENCES 190
국문초록 202
APPENDIX 9
[Appendix 1] Survey Questions 205
[Appendix 2] Survey Results 208
[Appendix 3] Permission Forms for Parents 217
[Appendix 4] Writing Checklist for Native Teachers 219
[Appendix 5a] Sample Sentence Writing Homework for Low-Level 225
[Appendix 5b] Sample Sentence Writing Homework for Middle Level 226
[Appendix 5c] Sample Sentence Writing Homework for Higher Level 227
[Appendix 5d] Sample Student Sentence Homework Writing 228
〈Table 1〉 Differences between Speech and Writing. Hyland 37
〈Table 2〉 Transitional words and phrases for use in Cause and Effect writing 124
〈Table 3〉 Survey Questions 156
〈Table 4〉 Student Synopsis 158
〈Table 5〉 Data for Research Question #1 169
〈Table 6〉 Data for Research Question #2 175
〈Table 7〉 Data for Research Question #3 181
[Figure 1] The Evolution of the Alphabet 28
[Figure 2] Editing Marks for Elementary Level 45
[Figure 3] The Five Stage Writing Process 59
[Figure 4] A Genre Process Model of Teaching Writing: Badger and... 64
[Figure 5] Application of the Process Genre Approach: Adapted from... 65
[Figure 6] Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD), 71
[Figure 7] Teacher-Learner Collaboration Based on Feez, 1998 74
[Figure 8] Hyland's Model of Genre and Learning Cycle. 79
[Figure 9] The Systemic Teaching and Learning Cycle 81
[Figure 10] Phonics Test for Children as part of Curriculum. (2020) 91
[Figure 11] Phonics Practice for Short Vowel Words in Curriculum. (2020) 93
[Figure 12] Phonics Practice for Short Vowels Words in Curriculum. 101
[Figure 13] Daily Sentence Practice as part of Curriculum. (2020) 104
[Figure 14] Weekly Diary Practice as part of Curriculum. (2020) 107
[Figure 15] Paragraph Format as Part of Curriculum. (2020) 109
[Figure 16] A Student Essay Sample. (2020) 114
[Figure 17] Essay Format Example as Part of Curriculum. (2020) 117
[Figure 18] A Venn Diagram. (2020) 120
[Figure 19] Cause and Effect Writing, (2020) 123
[Figure 20] Student's Descriptive Writing Sample. (2020) 127
[Figure 21] Student Persuasive Writing Sample. (2020) 129
[Figure 22] Sample Storyline for Personal Narratives. (2020) 137
[Figure 23] Student Research Paper Sample, (2020) 145
[Figure 24] Flowchart of Curriculum Path. (2020) 147
[Figure 25] Question 1, Survey Results (2020) 171
[Figure 26] Question 4, Survey Results (2020) 173
[Figure 27] Question 23, Survey Results (2020) 174
[Figure 28] Question 14, Survey Results (2020) 176
[Figure 29] Question 12, Survey Results (2020) 177
[Figure 30] Question 16, Survey Results (2020) 178
[Figure 31] Question 13, Survey Results (2020) 179
[Figure 32] Question 10, Survey Results (2020) 182
[Figure 33] Question 20, Survey Results (2020) 185