표제지
목차
ABSTRACT 12
Ⅰ. 서론 14
1. 연구 배경 및 목적 14
2. 연구 동향 17
1) 국외 연구 17
2) 국내 연구 21
Ⅱ. 본론 23
1. 연구개요 23
2. 이론적 배경 23
1) 압축성 Navier-Stokes 방정식 23
2) Narrow-band 모델을 이용한 Spectral radiation 및 Intensity 계산 24
3. 형상변형 노즐 유동해석 26
1) 노즐 형상 설계변수 26
2) 해석 모델 27
3) 해석기법 및 조건 31
4) 형상 설계변수에 따른 유동해석 결과 34
5) 비행조건에 따른 유동해석 결과 61
4. 형상변형 노즐 IR 해석 63
1) IR 신호 정의 및 특성 63
2) IR 신호 감소 방안 64
3) IR 해석기법 64
4) IR 요구도 65
5) Narrow-band Model을 이용한 IR 해석 결과 68
Ⅲ. 결론 79
참고 문헌 81
Table. 1. Review of literature on computational simulation of serpentine nozzle 18
Table. 2. Design variables of double serpentine nozzle 28
Table. 3. The nozzle sketch of serpentine nozzle according to AR 29
Table. 4. The nozzle sketch of serpentine nozzle according to SR 30
Table. 5. The nozzle sketch of serpentine nozzle according to CR 31
Table. 6. Mole fraction of species 32
Table. 7. Flight conditions according to altitude 33
Table. 8. Temperature and thrust values at the nozzle outlet for AR of double serpentine 45
Table. 9. Temperature and thrust values at the nozzle outlet for SR of double serpentine 52
Table. 10. Temperature and thrust values at the nozzle outlet for CR of double serpentine 60
Table. 11. Temperature and thrust values at the nozzle outlet for altitude of double serpentine 62
Table. 12. JSSG list 66
Table. 13. JSSG-2007A IR Requirement 66
Table. 14. Plume IR radiance and intensity at 0 degree 69
Table. 15. IR intensity difference by design variable in azimuth angle 75
Table. 16. IR intensity difference by design variable in elevation angle 75
Fig. 1. Infrared stealth technology development process 14
Fig. 2. B-2 "Spirit", nEUROn, F-117A "Nighthawk" 15
Fig. 3. Maximum IR signature in the 5-8 ㎛ band for different elevation(right) and azimuth(left) angles 19
Fig. 4. Ma contours and streamlines distributions on the cross-sections and symmetric plane and Ma contours on the symmetric plane 20
Fig. 5. The distributions of the static temperature on the cross-sections for M1, M2, and M3 case 20
Fig. 6. Designed various nozzle shapes 21
Fig. 7. Lock-on and lethal envelopes in case of various nozzle shapes (a) AR=2 (b) AR=6 (c) AR=10 22
Fig. 8. Mach number contour with different duct shape 22
Fig. 9. Model of the double serpentine nozzle 26
Fig. 10. The nozzle sketch of serpentine nozzle 27
Fig. 11. 3D CFD model mesh 32
Fig. 12. Temperature contour for AR of double serpentine nozzle in side view 36
Fig. 13. Temperature contour for AR of double serpentine nozzle in top view 37
Fig. 14. Iso-surface of plume temperature for AR of double serpentine nozzle (400 K, 450 K, 500 K) 38
Fig. 15. Mach number contour for AR of double serpentine nozzle in side view 39
Fig. 16. Mach number contour for AR of double serpentine nozzle in top view 40
Fig. 17. Pressure contour for AR of double serpentine nozzle in side view 41
Fig. 18. Pressure contour for AR of double serpentine nozzle in top view 42
Fig. 19. Temperature cross-sectional contour and streamline distribution along the centerline of the nozzle 43
Fig. 20. Mach number of cross-sectional contour and streamline distribution of the nozzle 44
Fig. 21. Pressure of cross-sectional contour and streamline distribution of the nozzle 45
Fig. 22. Temperature contour for SR of double serpentine nozzle in side view 47
Fig. 23. Temperature contour for SR of double serpentine nozzle in side view 48
Fig. 24. Iso-surface of plume temperature for SR of double serpentine nozzle (400 K, 450 K, 500 K) 48
Fig. 25. Mach number contour for SR of double serpentine nozzle in side view 49
Fig. 26. Mach number contour for SR of double serpentine nozzle in side view 50
Fig. 27. Mach number of cross-sectional contour and streamline distribution of the nozzle 51
Fig. 28. Temperature cross-sectional contour and streamline distribution along the centerline of the nozzle 52
Fig. 29. Iso-surface of plume temperature for CR of double serpentine nozzle (400 K, 450 K, 500 K) 54
Fig. 30. Temperature contour for CR of double serpentine nozzle in side and top view 55
Fig. 31. Mach number contour for CR of double serpentine nozzle in side and top view 56
Fig. 32. Pressure contour for CR of double serpentine nozzle in side and top view 57
Fig. 33. Mach number of cross-sectional contour and streamline distribution of the nozzle 58
Fig. 34. Pressure of cross-sectional contour and streamline distribution of the nozzle 59
Fig. 35. Temperature cross-sectional contour and streamline distribution along the centerline of the plume 60
Fig. 36. Temperature contour at various flight condition (0 ft, 20,000 ft, 45,000 ft) 61
Fig. 37. CO₂, H₂O mole fraction at various flight condition (0 ft, 20,000 ft, 45,000 ft) 62
Fig. 38. Iso-surface of plume temperature for AR of double serpentine nozzle (400 K, 450 K, 500 K) 62
Fig. 39. IR generating aircraft Factors 63
Fig. 40. Non-gray gas band models 65
Fig. 41. IR Requirement template JSSG-2007A 67
Fig. 42. Plume IR spectral radiance at 0° 71
Fig. 43. Plume IR spectral intensity at 0° 72
Fig. 44. IR radiance by design variable in azimuth/elevation angle 73
Fig. 45. IR intensity by design variable in azimuth/elevation angle 74
Fig. 46. IR intensity and thrust comparison according to design variables 77