Title Page
Contents
Abstract 8
Introduction 10
1.1. Justification 13
1.2. Statement of the problem 14
1.3. Objective of the study 15
1.4. Goals of the study 15
Literature Review 17
2.1. Overview of Ghana's fishery sector 17
2.2. Artisanalor small-scale subsector 20
2.3. Semi-industrial sector 23
2.4. The industrial sector 25
2.5. Description of sardinella specie 26
2.6. Identification of Sardinella 27
2.7. Habitat adaptation and movement 28
2.8. Economic importance of Sardinella aurita in the artisanal fishery of Ghana 30
2.9. General description of gears 31
2.9.1. Purse seine 33
2.9.2. Beach seine 35
2.9.3. Drift nets/Ali 36
Materials and Methods 38
3.1. Modelling overview 38
3.2. Data analysis tools 43
3.3. Theoretical approach to Standardized fishing efforts 43
3.4. Basic Structure 45
3.5. Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) 45
3.6. Maximum Economic Yield (MEY) 46
Results and Discussion 48
Conclusion and Recommendation 62
References 66
Appendix 75
Table 1. Observed data and estimates of the general linear model (1986-2019) 52
Table 2. Average estimated standardised fishing efforts 53
Table 3. statistic results of the Clarke-Yoshimoto-Pooley (CYP) Model 54
Table 4. Estimated parameters of YMSY and FMSY from the CYP model[이미지참조] 55
Table 5. Estimates of YMEY and FMEY[이미지참조] 58
Table 6. ABC estimation of R. sardinella 60
Table 7. Statistical results of standardised CPUE for the three gears 75
Table 8. Annual production of R. sardinella caught by the three gears 76
Table 9. Regression analysis of surplus production model (Schaefer) 77
Table 10. Regression analysis of surplus production model (Schnute) 77
Table 11. Regression analysis of surplus production model (Walter & Hilborn. WH) 77
Table 12. Regression analysis of surplus production model (Fox) 78
Fig. 1. The coastal layout of Ghana 18
Fig. 2. The coastal map of Ghana showing the artisanal fishing districts 23
Fig. 3. Sardinella aurita (Round sardine) 28
Fig. 4. Annual estimated Landings of round sardinella from the artisanal fishery in Ghana 48
Fig. 5. Annual Catch trend of purse seine, Beach seine and Driftnet of the artisanal... 49
Fig. 6. Annual effort days of round sardinella in the artisanal fishery of Ghana 50
Fig. 7. Annual CPUE of round sardinella in the artisanal fishery of Ghana 51
Fig. 8. Sustainable yield curve of round sardinella for CYP model in the artisanal... 56
Fig. 9. Total Revenue (TR), Total Cost (TC) and Net Profit (NP) of round sardinella... 59