In this study, the structure of the Bronze Age village remains of Iinjigu, Pohang, that were excavated in Chogokcheon basin located in Heunghae-eup, Pohang-si, was examined. Although Chogokcheon in Iinjigu, Pohang, the site of the study, is a branch of Hyeongsan river, twelve remains were distributed adjacent to and around Chogokcheon. However, it was difficult to discover the characteristics of villages, as the areas of excavation of most remains were small and only part of the villages was investigated. Therefore, the remains of Iin jigu are large scale village remains where entire hill area was excavated, and they were regarded as important remains to figure out the characteristics of villages during the Bronze Age.
The research findings reveal that the remains of Iij jigu began to be built in the middle of the Bronze Age and subsisted until the late Bronze Age. In terms of location and geographical conditions for the creation of villages, the remains of Iin jigu were located on the hillslope away from the surrounding alluvion, with favorable conditions for viewing and defending. Furthermore, as farming took place in the nearby alluvion, hunting in mountainous areas, and fishing in rivers, it is believed that the location and geographical conditions were closely related to the livelihood of the people. Also, it was verified that the geographical conditions were closely related to defense. Haklimcheon was located on the north side of the historic site and Chogokcheon was located on the south side, so the two rivers served as natural protection for the site. The steep slopes in the village served as a secondary defense, providing the best conditions for defending the village. Moreover, in terms of the spacial composition of the historic site, the residential areas were distributed around the slope of the hill, and on the side of the village, stone coffins were built to separate the ritual space. In addition, the central part of the site with relatively good views and gentle geographical conditions was left as a vacant land to function as a square. The entrance was restricted to the area close to the southwestern mountain area, and other three sides would have been relatively difficult for people to access because of the steep slope.
With this, the way of life of the people at the time was deduced through the remains of Iin jigu, Pohang, one of the historic sites of the Chogokcheon basin. This study, albeit incomplete in many ways, sought to put significance in discovering the form and structure of the villages during the Bronze Age. The limitations of relying on subjective interpretations of the researcher in research methods and interpretations due to lack of data leave much to be desired. If a village similar to or the same type of the remains of Iin jigu, Pohang is excavated and investigated in the future, a broader study on the villages during the Bronze Age is considered to be carried out, and it is expected that this paper will be of any help to that.