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목차
약어목록 13
국문초록 14
서론 17
1장 김치 발효 특성 17
2장 미생물 군집 스타터를 이용한 김치 제조 및 항비만 효과 19
재료 및 방법 24
1장 김치 발효 특성 24
1절 Lactobacillus plantarum 스타터를 접종한 김치의 발효 특성 24
2절 발효 온도에 따른 김치의 발효 특성 30
3절 염도에 따른 김치의 발효 특성 33
2장 미생물 군집 스타터를 이용한 김치 제조 및 항비만 효과 36
1절 미생물 군집 스타터를 활용한 김치 제조 36
2절 김치 미생물 군집의 항비만 효과 41
결과 및 고찰 45
1장 김치 발효 특성 45
1절 Lactobacillus plantarum 스타터를 접종한 김치의 발효 특성 45
2절 발효 온도에 따른 김치의 발효 특성 56
3절 염도에 따른 김치의 발효 특성 63
2장 미생물 군집 스타터를 이용한 김치 제조 및 항비만 효과 72
1절 미생물 군집 스타터를 활용한 김치 제조 72
2절 김치 미생물 군집의 항비만 효과 86
결론 104
참고문헌 106
Abstract 112
Table 1. GC-MS conditions 26
Table 2. Identification of metabolites by GC-MS and their changes during... 27
Table 3. GC-MS conditions 31
Table 4. GC-MS conditions 39
Table 5. GC-MS conditions 43
Table 6. Identification of non-volatile metabolites analyzed using GC/MS at the... 64
Table 7. Identified metabolites in kimchi samples using GC-MS 76
Table 8. OTUs, Chao1, Shannon's index, and Good's Coverage of 16S rRNA... 80
Table 9. Summary of effects and evidence of microbial community starters 103
Figure 1. The overall experimental workflow of this study. 36
Figure 2. Viability (log CFU/g) of lactic acid bacteria during Kimchi... 45
Figure 3. Change in pH (A) and titratable acidity (B) during Kimchi... 46
Figure 4. PCA score plot derived from the GC–MS profile on each day... 48
Figure 5. Metabolite changes in sugars (A), organic acids (B), amino... 52
Figure 6. PCA score (A) and loading scatter (B) plots derived from the 38... 53
Figure 7. Changes in viable cells of total bacteria (A), pH (B), and titratable... 56
Figure 8. PCA score plot derived from GC-MS data of Kimchi during... 57
Figure 9. PCA score plots derived from GC-MS data of Kimchi during ripening... 58
Figure 10. PCA (A) and PLS-DA (B) score plots derived from GC-MS data of... 60
Figure 11. Changes in identified metabolites of Kimchi during ripening at... 62
Figure 12. Representative GC/MS TIC chromatograms of kimchi samples... 63
Figure 13. Principal component analysis (PCA) score plot derived from... 65
Figure 14. PCA score plots derived from GC-MS data of Kimchi samples with... 66
Figure 15. PLS-DA score plot (A) and two hundred permutations test... 67
Figure 16. Box plots of identified metabolites contributing to the discriminating... 68
Figure 17. Rarefaction curves of bacterial 16S rRNA gene metagenomic... 69
Figure 18. PCA score plot derived from GC–MS data of kimchi and QC... 72
Figure 19. PCA score plots derived from GC–MS data of kimchi obtained on... 74
Figure 20. PCA score plot derived from GC-MS data of kimchi inoculated with... 75
Figure 21. PLS-DA (A) score plot derived from GC-MS data of kimchi after... 75
Figure 22. Box plots of identified metabolites of sugars (A), organic acids (B),... 77
Figure 23. Changes in viable cells of lactic acid bacteria (A) and... 78
Figure 24. Phylogenetic taxonomic composition of MCSs (A) and kimchi samples... 81
Figure 25. A correlation heatmap representing significant statistical... 83
Figure 26. Summary of pathway (A) and enrichment analysis (B) performed using... 84
Figure 27. The treatments of KMCS and L. plantarum decreased body weight... 86
Figure 28. KMCS and L. plantarum recovered the level of white blood cells... 87
Figure 29. KMCS treatment decreased the level of glucose which was... 88
Figure 30. KMCS inhibited liver weight gain and adipose tissue increment which... 89
Figure 31. PCA score plot derived from GC–MS data of serum. Each...[원문불량;p.73] 89
Figure 32. PLS-DA (A) score plot derived from GC-MS data of serum at 6... 90
Figure 33. PLS-DA (A) score plot derived from GC-MS data of serum at 9...[원문불량;p.75] 91
Figure 34. PLS-DA (A) score plot derived from serum of CON group and IC...[원문불량;p.76] 92
Figure 35. Box plots of identified metabolites that contributed to discriminating... 93
Figure 36. Relative abundances of taxonomy analysis at phylum level. 94
Figure 37. Relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, and the relative... 95
Figure 38. Results of hierarchical clustering at the class level. 96
Figure 39. Relative abundances of taxonomy analysis. Top 40 species at... 98
Figure 40. Alpha diversity results of gut microbial community. 99
Figure 41. PCoA of Bray-Curtis dissimilarity indices for each sample... 100
Figure 42. LEfSe graphical summary at Family level in... 101
Figure 43. Relative abundances of Coriobacteriaceae and Erysipelotrichaceae in... 101