Extrajudicial executions are a massive violation of rights to life of people since it is perpetrated outside the legal procedure. The use of extrajudicial executions has become a serious problem in many countries, and it is also commonly used by state agencies against the opposite parties. In Latin-America, Venezuela is suffered from the violation of human rights specifically extrajudicial executions. Such unlawful killings are perpetrated by Venezuela security forces under two different contexts including demonstrations and OLPs program. Consequently, hundreds of people died and thousands of them are arrested. As reported by the UN, both the Venezuela government and authorities have not taken any measures to condemn extrajudicial executions and bring perpetrators accountable for their conducts. Extrajudicial executions in Venezuela causes big concern to the international community; therefore, the situation in Venezuela is referred to ICC by six referral states in order to request for investigation and bring perpetrators responsible for their criminal actions. To fully discuss and dissolve over the issue of extrajudicial executions in Venezuela, this dissertation divides into seven chapters.
Chapter One: "Introduction" will provide a brief introduction about the topic of this dissertation, objectives of research, scope, and limitation of research and research methodology.
Chapter Two: "The General Overview on the Issue of Extrajudicial Executions," addresses the background of extrajudicial executions in different regions including Africa, Asia, Latin-America, and the Middle East. Moreover, the general overview of extrajudicial executions will also include in this chapter, and it is comprising of legal definition and types of extrajudicial executions. Furthermore, this chapter will illustrate the nature of extrajudicial executions including perpetrators and victims' identities, the context of extrajudicial executions and the concept of impunity.
Chapter Three: "Legal Frameworks of the Protection against the Use of Extrajudicial Executions." This chapter will include the international human rights frameworks, UN principles and regional instruments to govern the use of extrajudicial executions.
Chapter Four: "International Criminal Responsibilities on the Use of Extrajudicial Executions Under International Law" will explain the ICC jurisdiction over the use of extrajudicial executions following principles under the Rome Statute. Additionally, an international crime which is known as a crime against humanity will also analyze in this chapter.
Chapter Five: "Analysis on the Issue of Extrajudicial Executions in Venezuela and the International Response," this chapter will discuss the overview of extrajudicial executions in Venezuela, causes and consequences, the challenge on prevention of extrajudicial executions and the international responses from international communities.
Chapter Six: "Recommendation," this chapter will propose some recommendations in order to dissolve the issue of extrajudicial executions in Venezuela. These recommendations will propose to both the international community and the government of Venezuela.
Chapter Seven: It is the last chapter in this dissertation, which is about the conclusion.