Title Page
Abstract
List of Abbreviation
Contents
CHAPTER I. Introduction 14
1.1. Background 14
1.2. Problem Statement 17
1.3. Significance of the Study 21
1.4. Objectives of the Study 23
1.5. Research Process Chart 24
CHAPTER II. Literature Review 25
2.1. Agricultural Extension 25
2.1.1. Agricultural Extension and Research Linkage 27
2.1.2. Effectiveness of Agricultural Extension 28
2.2. Ways of Extension Methods 30
2.3. Modes of Extension Approaches 36
2.3.1. Transfer of Technology (ToT) 36
2.3.2. Training and Visit (T&V) 39
2.3.3. Participatory Approach 42
2.3.4. Farmer Field Schools (FFS) 44
2.4. Policies and Strategies for Agricultural Development in Myanmar 51
2.4.1. Policies in the Development of Agricultural Sector in Myanmar 51
2.4.2. Agricultural Strategies in Myanmar 51
2.5. Agricultural Extension Services in Myanmar 51
CHAPTER III. Research Methodology 54
3.1. Description of Study Area 54
3.2. Sampling Procedures and Design 58
3.3. Data Sources and Data Collection Methods 61
3.4. Data Analysis 63
3.5. Research Framework 65
CHAPTER IV. Results of Analysis 67
4.1. Characteristic of Respondents 67
4.2. Information of Agricultural Extension Activities 69
4.3. Participation of Agricultural Extension Activities 71
4.3.1. Reasons for Non-participation in Extension Activities 73
4.3.2. Times of Participation in Extension Activities 74
4.4. Effectiveness of Agricultural Extension Activities 75
4.4.1. Knowledge Assessment from Extension Activities 75
4.4.2. Knowledge Utilization after Participating in Agricultural Extension Activities 80
4.4.3. Changes in Farming Practices after Participating in Agricultural Extension Activities 83
4.4.4. Comparative Analysis of Changes in Farming Practices Before and After participating in Extension Activities 86
CHAPTER V. Discussion and Conclusion 90
5.1. Discussion 90
5.2. Conclusion 93
5.2.1. Recommendations 94
References 95
Appendix 109
요약문 115
〈Table 1〉 The number of household and population of target villages 59
〈Table 2〉 Measurement Variables of the Study 63
〈Table 3〉 Characteristics of the Respondents 69
〈Table 4〉 Information of Agricultural Extension 70
〈Table 5〉 Participation of Farmers in Agricultural Extension Activities 73
〈Table 6〉 Reasons for Non-participation in Agricultural Extension Activities 74
〈Table 7〉 Times of Participation in Extension Activities 75
〈Table 8〉 Knowledge Assessment from Extension Activities 79
〈Table 9 〉Application of Knowledge Learned after Joining in Extension Activities... 82
〈Table 10〉Changes in Farming Practices after Participating in Agricultural... 85
〈Table 11〉Comparative Analysis of Changes in Farming Practices before and after... 89
〈Figure 1〉 Research Process Chart 24
〈Figure 2〉 Cycle of Technology Transfer Approach 38
〈Figure 3〉 Rainfall and rainy days of Nyaung-U Township during 2009-2018 57
〈Figure 4〉 The Study Area in Nyaung-U Township, Myanmar 58
〈Figure 5〉 The survey area of the target villages in Nyaung-U Township 59
〈Figure 6〉Sampling Procedures 60
〈Figure 7〉 Research Framework 66