Title Page
ABSTRACT
Contents
LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 14
CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION 16
1.1. Background Information 16
1.2. Research Problem 18
1.3. Significance of the Study 19
1.4. Objectives of the study 20
1.4.1. Underlying Objective 20
1.5. Research Questions 20
CHAPTER II. LITERATURE REVIEW 21
2.1. Agricultural Trade, Growth and Development 21
2.2. Malawi Agricultural Trade Reforms 23
2.3. Comparative Advantage Theory 24
2.3.1. Measures of Comparative Advantage 25
2.3.2. Application of Revealed Comparative Advantage 26
2.4. Export Specialisation, Sophistication and Diversification 28
2.4.1. Export Specialisation versus Diversification 29
2.4.2. Export Specialisation versus Sophistication 29
2.5. Concepts and Definitions 30
CHAPTER III. METHODOLOGY 31
3.1. Study area 31
3.2. Model Specifications 32
3.2.1. PRODY and EXPY Indices 32
3.2.2. Revealed Comparative Advantage 33
3.3. Data 33
3.3.1. Data Collection 33
3.3.2. Data Challenges 34
3.3.3. Analytical Techniques 35
CHAPTER IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 36
4.1. Features of Malawi Exports (2008-2017) 36
4.1.1. Malawi Export Environment 36
4.1.2. Malawi's Trade Balance and Growth Pattern 37
4.1.3. Malawi's Main Export Products 39
4.2. RCA of Malawi's Export Products 42
4.2.1. Malawi's Top Export Products According to RCA Index) 42
4.2.2. Classification of Export Products according to Performance 44
4.2.3. Comparative Advantage in Agricultural Exports 48
4.3. Performance of major Agricultural Exports 49
4.3.1. Major Agricultural Exports 49
4.3.2. Export Sophistication and Diversification 55
4.4. Opportunities and Constraints 57
4.4.1. Opportunities 57
4.4.2. Constraints 62
CHAPTER V. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 67
5.1. Conclusion 67
5.2. Recommendations 68
7.0. REFERENCES 71
8.0. APPENDIX 78
초록 84
Table 4.2.1. Malawi's Top Export Products According to RCA Index in 2008,... 43
Table 4.2.2. Top Export Products According to RCA Gap between 2008 and 2017 44
Table 4.2.3. Product Classification of Exported Goods in Malawi 44
Table 4.2.4. Export Products Classified as Classics 45
Table 4.2.5. Export Products Classified as Emerging Champions 46
Table 4.2.6. Agricultural Export Products Classified as Marginals 47
Table 4.2.7. Agricultural Export Products Classified as Disappearances 47
Table 4.3.1. Countries with the highest and lowest EXPY in 2013. 57
Table 4.4.1. Potential Agricultural and Agro-Processing Industries 58
Table 4.4.2. Potential Agricultural and Agro-Processing Industries 59
Table 4.4.3. EU trade policy with Africa (Five ways of promoting African exports) 61
Table 4.4.4. Potential Export Values and Markets for Malawi 62
Appendix 8.1.1. Top Export Products according to RCA Gap between 2013 and... 78
Appendix 8.1.2. Lall Classification of exports according to technological... 78
Appendix 8.1.3. South Agricultural Exports 80
Appendix 8.1.4. South Korea Agricultural Exports 80
Figure 4.1.1. Comparison of the 12 pillars of GCI (2008-2009 and 2017-2018) 37
Figure 4.1.2. Performance of Imports and Exports between 2008-2017 38
Figure 4.1.3. Malawi GDP Patterns versus Trade Balance (2008-2017 39
Figure 4.1.4. Malawi's Top Exports According to Total Trade Value and Export... 40
Figure 4.1.5. Average Export Value Percentage Shares for Malawi's Top Export... 41
Figure 4.1.6. Malawi's Top Export Products Revenue Trends between 2008-2017 42
Figure 4.2.1. Number of Export products with RCA〉1 for SADC Member States... 48
Figure 4.3.1. RCA and Share of total earnings for Tobacco Products 50
Figure 4.3.2. Sugar (611) Export Values and Quantities between 2008 and 2017 51
Figure 4.3.3. RCA and Share earnings for Tea (741) 52
Figure 4.3.4. RCA for Cotton Export Products (2008-2017) 53
Figure 4.3.5. Total Cotton Export Earnings (2008 to 2017) 54
Figure 4.3.6. Legume Export Values and Quantities between 2008 and 2017 55
Figure 4.3.7. Number of Products with RCA 〉1(2008-2017) 56
Appendix 8.2.1. RCA and % Share earnings for Tobacco Products 81
Appendix 8.2.2. Raw Sugar (RCA and% Share of total exports) 81
Appendix 8.2.3. Tea (741) Export Values and Quantities between 2008 and 2017 82
Appendix 8.2.4. Raw Cotton Export Values and Quantities between 2008 and... 82
Appendix 8.2.5. Malawi's Top Export Products between 2009 and 2017 83