Title Page
Abstract
Contents
List of Abbreviation 12
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 13
Background 13
Research Questions 16
The objective of the study and hypothesis 17
CHAPTER 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 18
Trends in Internal Migration 18
Internal Migration, Motivation and Migration Theory 21
The Push and Pull Model 26
The Impacts of Youth Migration on the rural communities and development 31
CHAPTER 3. RESEARCH METHOD 33
The Study Area 33
Data Collection and Analysis 37
Measurement of variables, validity and Reliability 39
CHAPTER 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 41
Socio-Demographic Characteristics of the Respondents 46
Destination of Migration, Employment and Income Earned by Working Youth Migrants 48
Causes of Youth Migration to Urban cities in the Study Area 56
Scale of Measurement 58
Nature of Migration and Possibility Returning to Place of Origin 67
CHAPTER 5. CONCLUSION 68
Summary 68
Policy Recommendation: Effective Community and Rural Development Model 70
Bibliography 74
APPENDIX 78
요약 87
Table 1. Sabah Unemployment rate from a year of 2014-2016 16
Table 2. Total Number of Sabah's Youth by Ethnicity in 2017 35
Table 3. The socio-demographic of Working Youth Migrants, Field Survey... 44
Table 4. The socio-demographic of Student Youth Migrants, Field Survey(2018) 52
Table 5. The Composite Reliability, Field Survey(2018) 58
Table 6. Factors Analysis of the Socio-economic Factors Influencing Student... 60
Table 7. Factor Analysis of the socio-economic Factors Influencing Working... 61
Table 8. Chi-square Test, Field Survey(2018) 66
Figure 1. Unemployment rate by age group, Malaysia 2015 and 2016 14
Figure 2. Internal Migration and Reason for migration in Malaysia 19
Figure 3. Maslow's Motivational Theory 25
Figure 4. Total of Division Area in Sabah 33
Figure 5. Total number of Sabah's Youth in 2017 34
Figure 6. Independent and Dependent variables, Field Survey (2018) 39
Figure 7. Types of employment or activities engaged, Field Survey (2018) 49
Figure 8. The Monthly Income Earned by the Working Youth Migrants, Field... 50
Figure 9. Destination of Migration for Working Youth Migrants, Field Survey... 51
Figure 10. Destination of Migration for Student Youth Migrants, Field Survey... 55
Figure 11. The Main Factors Influencing Decision of the Sabah's Youth Migration... 56
Figure 12. Possibility of returning migrants, Field Survey (2018) 67