Title Page
ABSTRACT
Contents
CHAPTER ONE: GENERAL INTRODUCTION 12
1.1. Introduction 12
1.2. Legal Issue 13
1.3. The Significance of the Study 13
1.4. Scope and Limitations of Study 14
CHAPTER TWO: GENERAL KNOWLEDGE OF INTERCOUNTRY ADOPTION 16
2.1. Definition of Intercountry Adoption 16
2.2. The Purpose of Intercountry Adoption 18
2.2.1. Supply Factor 19
2.2.2. Demand Factor 23
2.3. Agreements of Intercountry Adoption 24
2.3.1. The Best Interests of the Child 25
2.3.2. The Right to a family and not to be institutionalized 26
2.3.3. Preserving a Child's Cultural Identity 26
2.3.4. Improper Financial gain and baby buying/selling 27
2.4. Disagreement of Intercountry Adoption 31
2.4.1. Preserving a Child's Cultural Identity 32
2.4.2. Intercountry Adoption as a form of Imperialism or Colonialism 33
2.4.3. Child Trafficking and Improper financial gain 35
2.4.4. The Best Interests of the Child and the Self Interests of Prospective Adoptive Parents 36
2.5. Conclusion 39
CHAPTER THREE: INTERNATIONAL AND REGIONAL LEGAL FRAMEWORK 41
3.1. Children Deprived of Their Family Environment and The Right to Alternative Care 41
3.2. Intercountry Adoption Under The CRC, ACRWC and The Hague Convention 43
3.2.1. The Best Interest of the Child Principle 46
3.2.2. Institutional Structures on the Competent Authorities, Central Authorities and Accredited Bodies 52
3.2.3. The Subsidiarity Principle 61
3.2.4. Safeguards and Standards Equivalent to Those Existing in National Adoption and The Principle of Non-Discrimination 65
3.2.5. Improper Financial gain 66
3.2.6. Bilateral or Multilateral Arrangement and Agreements 69
3.2.7. Post-Adoption follow up 72
3.2.8. Other Interrelated Provisions Under the CRC and the ACRWC 73
3.3. Conclusion 74
CHAPTER FOUR: ANALYSIS OF THE LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK REGULATION INTERCOUNTRY ADOPTION IN THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA 76
4.1. The International Law Relevance in the Republic of South Africa 76
4.2. The Protection of Children's Rights in The Republic of South Africa Constitution 78
4.3. Analysis of The Legislative framework on Intercountry Adoption in The Republic of South Africa 79
4.3.1. Requirements and principles for intercountry adoption 81
4.3.2. Procedure for intercountry adoption 92
4.3.3. The Intercountry Adoption Procedure 96
4.3.4. The Right to giving a name, Identity and Registration 101
4.4. Conclusion 102
CHAPTER FIVE: RECOMMENDATIONS 104
5.1. The Proposed Principles in or der to protect children 104
5.2. The Principle for the Best Interest of the Child 107
5.3. The Payment to Prevent Improper Inducement 109
CHAPTER SIX: CONCLUSION 112
REFFERENCES 114