Title Page
ABSTRACT
Contents
ABREVIATION 11
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 12
1.1. Overview 12
1.2. Objective of Study 14
1.3. Scope and Limitation of Research 15
1.4. Legal Issue 16
CHAPTER TWO: INTRODUCTION OF XAYABURI DAM 17
2.1. The Xayaburi Hydropower Dam Background 17
2.1.1. Laos Power Demand 19
2.1.2. Energy Policy of Lao PDR 20
2.2. International Rules and Lao Law on Utilization on Mekong River 22
2.2.1. Mekong Agreement 1995 22
2.2.2. Procedures for Notification, Prior Consultation, and Agreement (PNPCA) 26
2.2.3. United Nation Convention on International Watercourse 1997 27
2.2.4. Lao PDR's Law applied to Xayaburi Project 28
CHAPTER THREE: STATE OBLIGATION AND RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE VIOLA nON INTERNA nONAL ENVIRONMENTAL FRAMEWORK 30
3.1. The Introduction to lnternational Environmental Law 30
3.2. Legal Sources and Framework to IEL 35
3.2.1. International Environmental treaty or Convention 35
3.2.2. Customary International Environmental Law 42
3.2.3. Principles ofInternational Environment Law 43
3.3. The Involvement of the International Organization among International Law 58
3.3.1. United Nation Environment Programme (UNEP) 58
3.3.2. United Nation Development Programme (UNDP) 59
3.4. Lao PDR law applied to Hydro Power sector 61
CHAPTER FOUR: HYDROPOWER PROJECT UNDER THE FRAMEWORK OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 68
4.1. Introduction to Sustainable Development 68
4.1.1. Features of sustainable development 70
4.1.2. Environmental Sustainability 71
4.2. The Goal and Objective of Sustainable Development 72
4.2.1. The Goal of Sustainable Development 72
4.2.2. Objectives of Sustainable Development 75
4.3. The Concept of Sustainable Development 77
4.4. Promote Sustainable Development of United Nations 78
4.4.1. The strategic under Sustainable Development 78
4.4.2. Agenda 21 under the sustainable Environmental and Development 83
4.4.3. The Rio Declaration on Sustainable Environment and Development 85
4.5. Background of Hydropower 86
4.6. The Advantages of Hydropower 88
4.7. The Disadvantage of Hydropower 90
4.8. Impact of Hydropower Dam Assessment 91
4.8.1. Introduce the Impact Assessment (EIA) 91
4.9. The Environment Impacts of the project 99
4.9.1. Trans-boundary Environment 99
4.9.2. Ship Navigation Channel 101
4.9.3. Fishes Passage Facilities 102
4.9.4. Flowing of Sediment 105
4.10. The Environmental Protection in Lao PDR 106
4.11. Laos entered into the multilateral treaties and the Obligation under International Law 107
4.12. The Obligation under the Domestic Law 110
CHAPTER FIVE: RECOMMENDATION 113
CHAPTER SIX: CONCLUSION 117
REFFERENCES 122