Title Page
Contents
List of Acronyms 6
Abstract 11
Chapter I. Introduction 13
1.1. Background 13
1.2. Purpose of Research 16
1.3. Framework of research 17
Chapter II. Western and Central Pacific Ocean (WCPO) Tuna Longline Fishery 19
2.1. Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC) 19
2.2. Yellowfin Tuna (Thunnus albacares) Longline Fishery Catch Status 24
Chapter III. Methodology of Research 30
3.1. Approach Model 30
3.1.1. Surplus Production Model 30
3.1.2. Bioeconomic Model 36
3.1.3. Price, Fishing Cost and Production value rate 40
3.2. Data Source 45
Chapter IV. Result and Discussion 49
4.1. Catch per unit effort 49
4.2. Estimates of Surplus Production Model 51
4.3. Estimates of Bioeconomic Model 59
Chapter V. Conclusion 62
References 65
Table 1. Production and production value of yellowfin tuna compared with total tuna in... 29
Table 2. Estimating equation for surplus production models. 31
Table 3. Equation of static and dynamic bioeconomic models. 39
Table 4. Price of tuna caught by longline in US$ per metric ton, 2013 - 2014. 42
Table 5. The average fishing cost of tuna longline vessel, 2012. 44
Table 6. Catch and effort data of yellowfin tuna caught by longline, 1976-2015. 46
Table 7. Statistical value of the Schaefer, Fox, Walter and Hilborn, the Schnute and... 53
Table 8. Biological parameters estimated by the Schaefer, Fox, Walter and Hilborn, the... 55
Table 9. The condition of fisheries economic at MSY, MEY, OAE level for yellowfin... 60
Fig. 1. Global tuna catches by ocean, 2012 - 2014. 14
Fig. 2. Conceptual framework of research approach. 18
Fig. 3. WCPFC Convention area. 21
Fig. 4. Yellowfin tuna production by fishing gear in WCPO 25
Fig. 5. Tuna production by longline in the WCPO. 26
Fig. 6. Yellowfin tuna production by longline in the WCPO. 27
Fig. 7. Real and nominal prices for Japanese yellowfin imports from Oceania. 41
Fig. 8. The composition of average cost item (non-labor items) per trip period 2011-2012. 43
Fig. 9. (A) The distribution of longline production by species period 1976 - 2015;... 45
Fig. 10. Trend in catch and effort of YFT longline fisheries in WCPO, 1976 - 2015. 49
Fig. 11. Trend in catch and catch per unit effort of yellowfin tuna longline fisheries in... 51
Fig. 12. Identification of outliers in yellowfin tuna longline fishery regressions. 52
Fig. 13. Mean Square Error of the models in yellowfin tuna longline fishery. 54
Fig. 14. Yield-effort relationship comparison for the five models. 56
Fig. 15. Yield-effort relationship for CY&P with MSY, MEY, and OAE level. 57
Fig. 16. Sustainable Yield (SY) Curve, Sustainable Total Revenue (STR), Total Cost (TC),... 61