Title Page
ABSTRACT
Contents
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 11
1.1. Statement of Legal Issue 15
1.2. Aim and Objective of Study 16
1.3. Scopes and Limitations of Study 17
1.4. Methodology 17
CHAPTER TWO: INTERNATIONAL LEGAL FRAMEWORK ON CHILD PROTECTION 18
2.1. Customary International Law 19
2.2. Treaties 22
2.2.1. The Development of United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child 22
2.2.2. General Provision Relevant on the Rights of the Child under other International Agreements 29
CHAPTER THREE: INTERNATIOANL HUMANITARIAN LAW 35
3.1. Geneva Conventions 37
3.1.1. Additional Protocol I 43
3.1.2. Additional Protocol II 46
3.1.3. Additional Protocol III 50
3.2. Child Protection Under International Humanitarian Law 50
3.2.1. General Protection 51
3.2.2. Special Protection 52
3.2.3. Child Taking Part in Hostilities 63
3.3. The Relation Between ICRC and International Humanitarian Law 64
3.4. Key Challenges to International Humanitarian Law in the Non-International Armed Conflict on Practicing 67
3.4.1. The Term of Non-International Armed Conflict 67
3.4.2. Conflicts and Parties 70
3.4.3. Denial of Practicing on International Humanitarian Law 71
3.4.4. Ignorance of Law 72
CHAPTER FOUR: THE ISSUE AND REGIONAL RESPONSE ON CHILD PROTECT IN ARMED CONFLICT IN SYRIA 74
4.1. Key Challenges of Child Protection in Syria 75
4.1.1. Refugee Crisis 76
4.1.2. Psychological and Physical Violence 81
4.1.3. Sexual Violence 84
4.1.4. Child Labour 86
4.1.5. Child Marriage 88
4.1.6. Recruitment Children into Armed Groups and Armed Forces 90
4.1.7. Unaccompanied and Separation Children 92
4.2. The Syrian Conflict and International Humanitarian Law 94
4.3. Responsibility to Protect and Humanitarian Intervention on Syria Crisis 101
4.3.1. Principles of Responsibility to Protect and Doctrine of Humanitarian Intervention 102
4.3.2. The Failure of Responsibility to Protect and Humanitarian Intervention in Syria 112
4.4. Humanitarian Response on Child Protection in Syria 120
4.4.1. Syria Humanitarian Response Plan 121
4.4.2. Regional Refugee and Resilience Plan 123
CHAPTER FIVE: IMPLEMENTATION ON FURTHER DEVELOPMENT OF THE INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW AND CHILD PROTECTION IN NON-INTERNATIONAL ARMED CONFLICT 127
5.1. Implementation on International Humanitarian Law by International and Regional Organization and Individual State Response 128
5.1.1. Economic Sanctions 128
5.1.2. The Cooperating between International Humanitarian Law and Principle of Responsibility to Protect and Chapter VII of United Nations Charter 131
5.1.3. Individual Criminal Responsibility 135
5.2. National Implement Measure 139
CHAPTER SIX: CONCLUSION 144
REFERENCES 148