Title Page
Contents
Abstract 9
Introduction 11
Materials and Methods 15
Isolation and culture of bacteria 15
Identification of bacteria isolated from dinoflagellate P. minimum 16
Cloning of the 16S rRNA gene of two bacteria 17
Optimum growth condition of bacteria 19
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration test of bacteria 20
Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) observation 21
Culture of four strains of microalgae 21
Establishing an axenic culture of microalage 23
Growth interaction between microalgae and bacteria 23
Results 25
Isolation and culture of bacteria 25
Identification of bacteria isolated from dinoflagellate, P. minimum 25
Optimum growth condition of bacteria 30
Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations test of bacteria 41
Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) observation 43
Growth interaction between microalgae with bacteria 44
Growth interaction between bacteria with microalgae 45
Discussions 52
Conclusion 59
References 60
Table 1. Marine Broth Media Composition 15
Table 2. LB Broth Media Composition 16
Table 3. Composition of f/2 medium 22
Table 4. Minimum Inhibitory Test for bacteria 42
Fig.1. Procedure in the cloning of the bacterial 16s rRNA genes. 19
Fig.2. Neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showing... 27
Fig.3. Neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showing... 28
Fig.4. Neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showing... 29
Fig.5. Growth of the white bacteria, Marinobacter sp. at different temperatures.... 32
Fig.6. Growth of yellow bacteria, Maricauda aquimarina at different... 33
Fig.7. Growth of pink bacteria, Cyclobacterium amurskyense at different... 34
Fig.8. Growth of white bacteria, Marinobacter sp. at different pH levels.... 35
Fig.9. Growth of yellow bacteria, Maricauda aquimarina at different pH levels.... 36
Fig.10. Growth of pink bacteria, Cyclobacterium amurskyense at different pH... 37
Fig.11. Growth of white bacteria, Marinobacter sp. at different NaCl... 38
Fig.12. Growth of yellow bacteria, Maricauda aquimarina at different NaCl... 39
Fig.13. Growth of pink bacteria, Cyclobacterium amurskyense at different NaCl... 40
Fig.14. TEM result of bacteria 43
Fig.15. Growth interaction between Chlorella vulgaris and bacteria. Average from three... 47
Fig.16. Growth interaction between Nannochloropsis oceanica and bacteria.... 48
Fig.17. Growth interaction between Nannochloropsis sp. and bacteria. Average from three... 49
Fig.18. Growth interaction between Maricauda aquimarina and microalgae. 50
Fig.19. Growth interaction between Marinobacter sp. and microalgae. 51