Title Page
ABSTRACT
Contents
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 10
CHAPTER 2. THE CONCEPT OF THE MINORITY RIGHT UNDERHUMAN RIGHT LAW AND THE REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS' PROTECTION OF MINORITY RIGHT 16
2.1. The definition of minority people 16
2.1.1. What are minorities in international law 16
2.1.2. Difference between Minorities and indigenous people 22
2.1.3. The relationship between minorities, non-citizens and stateless people 25
2.2. The scope of minority right 26
2.3. The sources of minority right 29
2.3.1..Main sources of minority rights 29
2.3.2. Additional sources of minority rights 33
2.4. The restriction of minority right 35
2.5. The regional organizations' protection of minority right 37
2.5.1. The council of Europe 37
2.5.2. The human rights system of the African union 44
2.5.3. The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe 52
2.5.4. The European union 54
CHAPTER 3. THE BASIC PROBLEMS AND CONCLUSIONS OF MINORITY RIGHT THROUGH ROMA ISSUE IN EUROPE 58
3.1. The Origins of Europe's Minority Communities 58
3.1.1. Different types of ethnic minorities in contemporary Europe 59
3.1.2. The contemporary conflict and cooperation in Europe 60
3.2. The protection of minority right through Roma issue 61
3.2.1. Who are Roma? 61
3.2.2. General introduction of Roma issue 64
3.3. The obstacles to protect the Roma's right 65
3.3.1. The difficulty to make a common Roma identity 68
3.3.2. The Gypsy law which unite the Roma communities 71
3.3.3. Persistence of social and ethnical opposition to Roma people 74
3.3.4. Recent development of Roma people 78
3.4. The attitude of Eastern and Central European countries to Roma people 79
3.4.1. Spain 81
3.4.2. French 82
3.4.3. Germany 84
3.4.4. Hungary 86
3.4.5. Italy 87
3.4.6. Romania 89
3.5. The European Strategy towards Roma issue 91
3.6. Conclusion of Roma issue 97
CHAPTER 4. THE CONTEMPORARY QUESTIONS OF ROMA RIGHTS UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW AND POTENTIAL SUGGESTIONS 99
4.1. The failure of international law to protect Roma through the definition of minorities 100
4.2. Under the international systems, how can the minorities be actors? 102
4.3 The promotion of collective rights of Roma under international law 105
4.4 The necessity to improve Roma Organizations’ role in international level 106
CHAPTER 5. CONCLUSION 108
REFERENCE 112