Belligerent law, which is relevant to jus in hello, has begun to be referred to as international humanitarian law7 since World War II. As such, the importance of protecting civilians in humanitarian view is brought to the fore bearing fruit due to the two World Wars that caused huge damage to civilians, especially World War II. Thus, Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War of August 12, 1949 and 1977 Geneva Protocol I, n Additional to the Geneva Conventions have multiple rules to protect civilians. In short, by stipulating the protection of civilians that has not been the direct object of rules, international humanitarian law expanded the category of its protected object and presented 'one opportunity to change the way of thinking from law of wars to humanitarian law.'
However, despite the fact that all rules protecting civilians through the process of self-reflection of World War were enacted in the form of multilateral treaty, the danger is extremely high for civilians to be victims of armed conflicts. For example, the number of deaths caused by various armed conflicts that occurred after 1946 is about 2 thousand, and it is analyzed that 90% of them are civilians. Therefore, it is still a huge project to protect civilians from not only armed conflicts of today but also international terrorism occurring every day all over the world.
Thus, this paper aims to examine the main issues related to civilians protection in terms of armed conflict law in the following order. (1) Introduce the history of International Humanitarian Law; (2) How civilians are defined and what protection is stipulated for them; (3) What problems there are related to civilians protection; and (4) deduce from conclusion what the essence of the issue and solutions are.