Title Page
Contents
ABSTRACT 5
I. ESSAY 1. PROCESS MODEL OF SMALL, LOCALIZED, AND COMMUNITY-BASED SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP 7
ENTREPRENEURSHIP AS A PROCESS OF OPPORTUNITY 10
PROCESS OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP 14
Existence of Opportunities 15
Discovery of Opportunities 18
Exploitation of Opportunities 20
Appropriation of Opportunities 22
DISCUSSION 29
Theoretical Implications 31
Practical Implications 34
Limitation and Future Research Direction 34
CONCLUSION 38
REFERENCES 39
II. ESSAY 2. CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP MOTIVATION & START-UP BEHAVIOR 45
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP INTENTION-BEHAVIOR MODEL 51
Conceptual Framework 51
External Influences on Social Entrepreneurship 52
Attitude Change Mechanisms of Nascent Social Entrepreneurs 55
THEORETICAL REVIEW OF VARIABLES 62
Internalization of Value 62
Identification of Sufferers 67
From Prosocial Motivation to Actual Enterprise Creation Behavior 77
Antecedents of Entrepreneurial Intention 78
DISCUSSION 81
Theoretical Implications 82
Limitation and Future Research Direction 89
CONCLUSION 92
REFERENCES 94
III. ESSAY 3. EMPIRICAL TEST OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP MOTIVATION & START-UP BEHAVIOR 103
THEORY & HYPOTHESES 106
Attitude Change Framework 106
External Influences 107
Three Mechanisms of Attitude Change 108
Internalization of Value 109
Identification of Sufferers 110
Compliance to Personal Rewards 112
Antecedents of Actual Enterprise Creation Behavior 114
METHODS 118
Procedures and Sample 118
Measures 120
RESULTS 124
Descriptive Statistics and Confirmative Factor Analysis 124
Hypotheses Test 127
DISCUSSION 132
Theoretical Contributions 133
Limitations and Future Directions 137
CONCLUSION 143
REFERENCES 144
APPENDIX 151
APPENDIX 1. Summary of Demographic Characteristics of the Survey 151
APPENDIX 2. Survey Questionnaires (In Korean) 152
APPENDIX 3. Summary of Convergent & Discriminant Validity Tests 153
APPENDIX 4. Structural Equation Modeling Test Result 154