Recently, many studies have been conducted, as research on taekwondo training, regarding the emotional effect of instruction form, method, and personal characteristics of instructors on trainees. In addition, it is clear adolescent trainees are most likely to be affected by the attitude, tendency, and competence of a Taekwondo instructor. However, the structure of existing research on the characteristic of an instructor and trainees fails to reflect characteristics of Taekwondo that aims at promoting a community and improving manners in terms of the role of the instructor, and changing paradigm of leadership that the instructor must make effort to improve trainees’ ability. Therefore, in this study, servant leadership was classified into growth support, community formation, vision, commitment and service actions, and correlation between them and the stress and self-efficacy of adolescent trainees.
The purpose of this study is first, analysis of correlation between personal characteristics of Taekwondo instructors and servant leadership; second, correlation between servant leadership of taekwondo instructors and stress relief of adolescents; and third, servant leadership of taekwondo instructors and self-efficacy of adolescents.
First, previous research and literature relating to personal characteristics of Taekwondo instructors that can affect stress and self-efficacy of trainees was reviewed, hypotheses were set, and variables were defined for statistical analysis. Also, a survey was conducted for analysis and various analysis frameworks were used for statistical verification of correlation among the variables. And then, a model was set regarding overall factors, before suggesting conclusions accordingly. Specifically, factor analysis), independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, and multiple regression was performed for analysis. For survey, a questionnaire was distributed among the research subjects and various psychological factors they feel regarding their instructor were measured based on self-administration method. The questionnaire was distributed for five days from early October 2013, during which time the researchers were instructed on the purpose and content of this study.
The findings of this study suggest that first, in correlation between personal characteristics of taekwondo instructors and servant leadership, gender had significance on community formation action. There was no significance in relation between servant leadership and academic background and training period. Second, in self-efficacy, correlation among variables of all servant leadership types had a positive effect on both general and physical self-efficacy. Third, servant leadership of the instructor and stress relief of adolescent taekwondo trainees showed a positive correlation in all variables.