표제지
국문요지
목차
I. 서론 9
II. 대상 및 연구 방법 11
1. 연구 대상 11
2. 연구 방법 및 자료 처리 13
III. 결과 및 고찰 16
1. 대상자의 특성 16
2. 비운무와 운무 굴절검사의 비교 25
2-1. 성별에 따른 변화 비교 26
2-2. 조절력과 나이에 따른 변화 비교 33
2-3. 사위도에 따른 변화 비교 42
2-4. 수평이향융합력에 따른 변화 비교 49
2-5. 우세안에 따른 변화 비교 55
2-6. 굴절이상도에 따른 변화 비교 62
IV. 결론 69
Abstract 71
References 73
Table 1. The distribution of refractive errors 12
Table 2. Distribution of gender and using spectacles 16
Table 3. Distribution of age groups 18
Table 4. Distribution of accommodative amplitude by using Hofstertter formulas 20
Table 5. Distribution of phoria 21
Table 6. Distribution of binocular anomalies 22
Table 7. Distribution of subjects according to dominant eye 23
Table 8. Refractive error change of NFR(non-fogging refraction) compared to FR(fogging refraction) according to gender 27
Table 9. Comparisons of refractive error between NFR(non-fogging refraction) and FR(fogging refraction) according to gender 30
Table 10. Refractive error change of NFR(non-fogging refraction) compared to FR(fogging refraction) according to accommodative amplitude 34
Table 11. Refractive error change of NFR(non-fogging refraction) compared to FR(fogging refraction) according to age group 35
Table 12. Comparisons of refractive error between NFR(non-fogging refraction) and FR(fogging refraction) according to accomodation amplitude 39
Table 13. Refractive error change of NFR(non-fogging refraction) compared to FR(fogging refraction) according to phoria 43
Table 14. Comparisons of refractive error between NFR(non-fogging refraction) and FR(fogging refraction) according to phoria 46
Table 15. Refractive error change of NFR(non-fogging refraction) compared to FR(fogging refraction) according to binocular anomalies 50
Table 16. Comparisons of refractive error between NFR(non-fogging refraction) and FR(fogging refraction) according to binocular anomalies 53
Table 17. Refractive error change of NFR(non-fogging refraction) compared to FR(fogging refraction) according to dominant eye 56
Table 18. Variational eyes according to dominant eye 58
Table 19. Comparisons of refractive error between NFR(non-fogging refraction) and FR(fogging refraction) according to dominant eye 60
Table 20. Refractive error change of NFR(non-fogging refraction) compared to FR(fogging refraction) according to refractive errors 63
Table 21. Variational eyes according to refractive error 65
Table 22. Comparisons between NFR(non-fogging refraction) and FR(fogging refraction) according to refractive errors 67
Fig. 1. Flow chart of examination. 15
Fig. 2. Refractive error variation between NFR(non-fogging refraction) and FR(fogging refraction) according to gender. 28
Fig. 3. Difference of refractive error between NFR(non-fogging refraction) and FR(fogging refraction) according to gender. 32
Fig. 4. Refractive error variation between NFR(non-fogging refraction) and FR(fogging refraction) according to accommodative amplitude. 37
Fig. 5. Age group ratio of accommodative amplitude. 37
Fig. 6. Difference of refractive error between NFR(non-fogging refraction) and FR(fogging refraction) according to accommodative amplitude. 41
Fig. 7. Refractive error variation between NFR(non-fogging refraction) and FR(fogging refraction) according to phoria. 44
Fig. 8. Difference of refractive error between NFR(non-fogging refraction) and FR(fogging refraction) according to phoria. 48
Fig. 9. Refractive error variation between NFR(non-fogging refraction) and FR(fogging refraction) according to binocular anomalies. 51
Fig. 10. Difference of refractive error between non-fogging refraction and fogging refraction according to binocular anomalies. 54
Fig. 11. Refractive error variation between NFR(non-fogging refraction) and FR(fogging refraction) according to dominant eye. 58
Fig. 12. Difference of refractive error between non-fogging refraction and fogging refraction according to dominant eye. 61
Fig. 13. Myopic variation between NFR(non-fogging refraction) and FR(fogging refraction according to refractive errors. 65
Fig. 14. Difference of refractive error between NFR(non-fogging refraction) and FR(fogging refraction). 67