This study was conducted to examine the vegetation community structure and chemical characteristics of soil in the Gyeongsangnam-do Hamyang-Gun. 30 sites were selected for effective management of Ginseng (Panax ginseng C. G. Mayer) cultivation. The major canopy vegetations were; softwoods stand (Pinus densiflora, Larix leptolepis, Chamaecyparis obtusa, P. koraiensis), oak stand(Quercus aliena, Q. dentata, Q. serrata, Q. variabilis), pine and oak mixed stand, deciduous hardwood stand(Carpinus laxiflora, Acer pictum, Prunus sargentii, Cornus controversa). Altitude for Ginseng cultivation ranged 260m-970m, but 18 sites were more than 500m.
At high mountain some areas showed fine it stratification developments and deep soil depth among Seosang myeon, Soeha myeon, Anui myeon in Ginseng cultivation. There was separation of A horizon of 10YR 3/1, 10YR 3/2 , B horizon of 10YR 5/4, 10YR 5/6 in areas of fine stratigraphy development and high organic matter content of soil color's. Soil bulk density depth in 5-10cm of Ginseng cultivation was distributed from 0.54g/㎤ to 1.13 and showed low figure comparatively that average of soil bulk density was 0.84g/㎤. Soil pH distribution ranged from 3.9 to 4.88 and showed severe soil acidification that averaged at pH 4.4. Total nitrogen distribution showed various variation from 0.03% to 1.03% with the average total nitrogen content of 0.37%. Organic carbon content ranged from 0.7% to 14.0% and showed a high comparatively average organic carbon content of 5.1%.
Three group of Quercus variabilis community, Pinnus densiflora-Q. sarrata community and P. densiflora-Laric leptolepis community were classified by cluster analysis. There were strong positive correlations between Ulmus davidana var. japonica and Q. variabilis; styarax japonica and Q. Variabilis, U. davidiana var. japonica; Morus hombycis and Fraxinus rhynchophylla; Crataegus Pinnatifida and Q. dentata; Q. acutissima and Stewartia koreana; P. densiflora and Castanea crenata; Robinia pseudo-acacia and U. davidiana. Species divesity index(H´) of investigated groups was ranged from 0.5780 to 0.8009. There were 184 kinds, 1 form, 29 varieties 154 species, 141 genera and 66 families of total plants in the investigated twin area.