Special Judicial Police is a type of Judicial Police in charge of investigating crimes of Special kinds, while the general Judicial Police has a right to investigate all kinds of illegal activities.
The Special Judicial Police deals with duties related to forest, maritime affairs, government monpoly, tax, military, and etc. And the range of its function is described in the "Law on the person who assumes the duty of Special Judicial Police and the range of duty".
This Special Judicial Police has a positive function to lessen the burden of the Judicial Police by taking its share of responsibility.
Investigation by the Special Judicial Police requires a high level of capability and knowledge about jargons, work processes, and information, and thus it will be more effective to have the specialized and professional Judicial Police take the charge of investigation in those special fields than to have the general Judicial Police deal with all kinds of crimes.
This paper reviewed the motive and principle of granting investigation right to the Special Judicial Police and its range of duty, focusing on the fields of marine products and fisheries.
As administration of public bureaus is getting specialized, the Nation authorities organizes Special Judicial Police of marine products and fisheries on the consideration of its specificity and efficiency, the Special Judicial Police of marine products and fisheries is made up of the public officers who given juridical authority and performing the acting policing administration against special criminal in their field with the condition of spatial and situational limitation.
In spite of an increase in personal, there is concern about Special Judicial Police of marine products and fisheries committing human rights violation or abuse, misapplication that resulted from lack of experience in criminal investigation and unprofessional knowledge compare to the general police.
At present, what Special Judicial Police of marine products and fisheries do is just to denunciation many incidents or sccidents to the police or the prosecutor and let them deal with the cases instead of carrying out their duties by themselves and sending the criminals to the prosecution because they have shortly experienced in criminal investigation.
This study suggested three policies. Three policies are as follows; First, educational methods focused on the autonomy and responsibilities of municipal police be ensured, regional education infrastructures should be augmented, and the linking of the system with regional universities should be pursued to improve the quality of education and training of newly, recruited personnel. Second, it accentuated the importance of adequate equipment and facilities. Third, it emphasized the cooperation with the regional organizations.
Fourth, it accentuated the manual and legal foundation to back up the task of Special Judicial Police of marine products and fisheries activities.