표제지
목차
Abstract 12
1. 서론 14
2. 이론적 고찰 15
2.1. 악취의 특성 15
2.2. 악취 용어 19
1) 최소감지값(최소감지농도, 역치, Threshold) 19
2) 냄새의 세기(Odor Intensity Index) 19
3) 희석배수 20
4) 취기지수 20
2.3. 악취 측정 21
2.4. 후각센서기술 23
1) 후각센서의 종류 및 특징 24
2) 후각센서의 측정원리 25
3. 연구방법 28
3.1. 악취센서 측정 28
1) 악취센서의 측정원리 29
2) 악취센서 측정방법 31
3) 냄새식별장치 측정 결과의 해석방법 32
3.2. 복합악취 측정 36
1) 복합악취 시료채취방법 36
2) 관능시험 절차 37
3) 평가과정의 계산 예 39
4) 악취판정도 39
3.3. 지정악취물질 측정 40
3.3.1. 암모니아 측정 방법 41
3.3.2. 황화합물 측정 방법 43
3.3.3. 트라이메틸아민 측정 방법 46
3.3.4. 알데하이드류 측정 방법 48
3.3.5. 휘발성유기화합물 측정 방법 50
3.4. 시료채취 54
4. 연구결과 및 고찰 58
4.1. 복합악취 측정 58
4.2. 지정악취물질 측정 62
1) A기업 62
2) B기업 64
3) C기업 67
4) D기업 70
5) E기업 72
6) 피혁 공동폐수처리장 74
4.3. 악취센서 측정 77
1) A기업 77
2) B기업 83
3) C기업 90
4) D기업 95
5) E기업 100
6) 피혁 공동폐수처리장 105
4.4. 악취센서와 공기희석관능법 결과 비교 110
4.5. 악취센서와 기기분석법 결과 비교 111
5. 결론 113
1) 현장 악취측정 평가 113
2) 악취센서 측정결과의 효용성 113
참고문헌 115
Table 1. Charateristics of odor derived chemical 16
Table 2. Odor thresholds of chemical substances 17
Table 3. Odor analysis method of each country 21
Table 4. Summaries of Korean odor official method 22
Table 5. Merits and demerits of various electronic nose sensor 25
Table 6. Application of electronic nose system 25
Table 7. Comparison of conducting polymer and metal oxide odor sensors 28
Table 8. Summaries of odor chemical measurement methods 40
Table 9. Analytical conditions for sulfur compounds 44
Table 10. Analytical conditions for trimethylamine 47
Table 11. Analytical conditions for aldehydes 49
Table 12. Analytical conditions for VOCs 51
Table 13. Summery of leather process 55
Table 14. Olfactory test results for each sampling points 59
Table 15. Odor chemical analytical results for each sampling points [A] 63
Table 16. Odor chemical analytical results for each sampling points [B] 66
Table 17. Odor chemical analytical results for each sampling points [C] 69
Table 18. Odor chemical analytical results for each sampling points [D] 71
Table 19. Odor chemical analytical results for each sampling points [E] 73
Table 20. Odor chemical analytical results for each sampling points [WWTP] 76
Table 21. Measurement results of odor index for each process (A) 78
Table 22. Measurement results of odor similarity for each process (A) 79
Table 23. Measurement results of odor contribution for each process (A) 81
Table 24. Measurement results of odor index for each process (B) 83
Table 25. Measurement results of odor similarity for each process (B) 85
Table 26. Measurement results of odor contribution for each process (B) 87
Table 27. Measurement results of odor index for each process (C) 90
Table 28. Measurement results of odor similarity for each process (C) 91
Table 29. Measurement results of odor contribution for each process (C) 93
Table 30. Measurement results of odor index for each process (D) 95
Table 31. Measurement results of odor similarity for each process (D) 96
Table 32. Measurement results of odor contribution for each process (D) 98
Table 33. Measurement results of odor index for each process (E) 100
Table 34. Measurement results of odor similarity for each process (E) 101
Table 35. Measurement results of odor contribution for each process (E) 103
Table 36. Measurement results of odor index for each process (WWTP) 105
Table 37. Measurement results of odor similarity for each process (WWTP) 106
Table 38. Measurement results of odor contribution for each process (WWTP) 108
Figure 1. Comparison of a human nose and a odor... 29
Figure 2. Principle of odor sensory technique. 30
Figure 3. Photograph of odor measurement system. 30
Figure 4. Diagram of odor absolute value by odor sensor. 33
Figure 5. Principles of similarity and contribution by odor absolute value. 34
Figure 6. Example of similarity measurement for each odor... 34
Figure 7. Example of Contribution measurement for each odor... 35
Figure 8. Air-bag sampling system. 36
Figure 9. Photograph of olfactory measurement. 38
Figure 10. Ammonia sampling system. 41
Figure 11. Sulfur compounds sampling system. 43
Figure 12. U-shaped low temperature... 45
Figure 13. Chromatogram of sulfur compounds standard... 45
Figure 14. Trimethylamine sampling system. 46
Figure 15. Aldehydes sampling system. 48
Figure 16. HPLC analytical system. 49
Figure 17. VOCs sampling system. 50
Figure 18. TD-GC/MS analytical system. 52
Figure 19. VOCs standard chromatogram(1ppmv 50mL concentration). 52
Figure 20. Example of sample chromatogram(0.011μmole/mole). 53
Figure 21. Mass spectrum and library search results for sample peak. 53
Figure 22. Manufacturing processes of leather and there sampling points. 55
Figure 23. Odor sampling on leather process. 56
Figure 24. Odor sampling on WWTP and out-gas treatment scrubber. 57
Figure 25. Comparison of olfactory test results for each process(A, B, C). 60
Figure 26. Comparison of olfactory test results for each process(D, E, WWTP). 61
Figure 27. Measurement results of mainly odor chemical for each process(A). 62
Figure 28. Measurement results of mainly odor chemical for each process(B). 65
Figure 29. Measurement results of mainly odor chemical for each process(C). 68
Figure 30. Measurement results of mainly odor chemical for each process(D). 70
Figure 31. Measurement results of mainly odor chemical for each process(E). 72
Figure 32. Measurement results of mainly odor chemical for each process(WWTP). 75
Figure 33. Comparison of odor index results (A). 78
Figure 34. Odor similarity graph for each process (A) 80
Figure 35. Odor contribution graph for each process (A). 82
Figure 36. Comparison of odor index results (B). 84
Figure 37. Odor similarity graph for each process (B) 87
Figure 38. Odor contribution graph for each process (B). 89
Figure 39. Comparison of odor index results (C). 91
Figure 40. Odor similarity graph for each process (C) 92
Figure 41. Odor contribution graph for each process (C). 94
Figure 42. Comparison of odor index results (D). 95
Figure 43. Odor similarity graph for each process (D) 97
Figure 44. Odor contribution graph for each process (D). 99
Figure 45. Comparison of odor index results (E). 100
Figure 46. Odor similarity graph for each process (E) 102
Figure 47. Odor contribution graph for each process (E). 104
Figure 48. Comparison of odor index results (WWTP). 105
Figure 49. Odor similarity graph for each process (WWTP) 107
Figure 50. Odor contribution graph for each process (WWTP). 109
Figure 51. Comparison of odor index ratio between olfactory measurement and odor... 110