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Summary
요약문
List of Table
List of Figure
List of Photo
칼라
목차
제1장 서론 17
제1절 연구개발의 현황과 목적 17
제2절 연구개발의 범위 23
제2장 희토류 금속의 제련법에 대한 고찰 25
제1절 희토류 금속의 분리 및 정제 25
제2절 희토류 금속의 제조 51
제3절 희토류 형광체의 종류 및 특성 71
제3장 희토류원소의 분리 및 정제 (Ce, Sm, Eu, Gd, Y) 85
제1절 Mixer-Settler에 의한 희토류원소의 분리시험 85
제2절 분리정제된 용액으로 부터 희토류산화물 제조 111
제4장 희토류 형광체의 제조 118
제1절 적색 희토류 형광체의 제조 118
제2절 녹색 희토류 형광체의 제조 123
제5장 결론 127
참고문헌 129
판권지 136
Table 1.1. Use of rare earth and their compounds 18
Table 1.2. Consumptions of rare earth in the world(MT, REO) 19
Table 1.3. Deposits of rare earth ore in the world(MT, REO), 1985 19
Table 1.4. Consumptions of domestic rare earths(MT, REO) 21
Table 2.1. Properties of the separation method of rare earth elements(elemente) 30
Table 2.2. Characteristics of some fused salt electrolytic cells for production of rare earth metals 55
Table 2.3. Some physical properties of rare earth trifluorides 58
Table 2.4. Some physical properties of rare earth trichlorides 61
Table 2.5. Examples of rare earth fluorescent 72
Table 2.6. Luminous color and electron be excited luminous efficiency of Y₂O₂S : RE³+(이미지참조) 73
Table 3.1. Chemical compositions of monazite ore. 85
Table 3.2. Chemical compositions of rare earth chloride solution for the semi pilot plant test 87
Table 3.3. Extractants Used for the Experiments 87
Table 3.4. Chemical reagents of experimental tests 88
Table 3.5. Chemical compositions of rare earth chloride solution after solvent extraction 97
Table 3.6. Chemical compositions of head solution for yttrium separation. 97
Table 3.7. Chemical compositions of rare earth chloride solution after solvent extraction for the recovery of yttrium (1st stage) 98
Table 3.8. Chemical compositions of rare earth chloride solution after solvent extraction for the recovery of yttrium. (2nd stage) 99
Table 3.9. Chemical compositions of rare earth chloride solution after solvent extraction for the removal of impurities. (1st stage) 100
Table 3.10. Chemical composition of rare earth chloride solution after solvent extraction for the removal of impurities (2nd stage) 100
Table 3.11. Experimental results of the separation of Sm and Gd with the solvent extraction of mixer-settler type. 110
Table 4.1. Specification of Red Phosphor (fluorescent) 90) 120
Fig. 2.1. Flowsheet of monazite treatment 26
Fig. 2.2. Flowsheet of bastnasite treatment 27
Fig. 2.3. Force feeding mode and reflux mode in separation process for lanthanum(lantanum), praseodymium and neodymium nitrates 37
Fig. 2.4. Separation of light rare earths by solvent extraction (extractant : TBP) 38
Fig. 2.5. Molycorp Mountain Pass rare earth circuit 45
Fig. 2.6. Recovery of europium and yttrium concentrate 46
Fig. 2.7. Enrichment of samarium and gadolinium by solvent extraction 47
Fig. 2.8. Enrichment of gadolinium by solvent extraction 48
Fig. 2.9. Reduction cell at Reno Laboratory of U.S. Bureau of Mines 54
Fig. 2.10. Fluoride process flowsheet 59
Fig. 2.11. Chloride process flowsheet 62
Fig. 2.12. Direct reduction flowsheet 63
Fig. 2.13. Thermodynamic data of R₂O₃-La system 64
Fig. 2.14. Side view in cross section of an apparatus(appratus) 67
Fig. 2.15. Flowsheet for the reduction of neodymium oxide to yield a neodymium eutectic alloy 68
Fig. 2,16. Free energy change of oxide formations of neodymium and calcium 69
Fig. 2.17. Energy levels (dotted half circle means radiation level) 75
Fig. 2.18. Coordinates model and luminescent spectrum 76
Fig. 2.19. Red fluorescents used for color TV and visual degree curve a : (cd, zn)S : Ag, b : Y₂O₂S : Eu, C : visual degree curve 77
Fig. 2.20. Fluorescents used for fluorescent lamp a : Cas(PO₄)₃(F, Cl) : Sb, Mn, b : 3 waye type (b : Y₂O₃: Eu + LaPO₄: Ce, Tb aroup + BaMg₂Al16O27 : Eu²+)(이미지참조) 78
Fig. 2.21. Brightness-temperature characteristics of green fluorescent used for transmission type CRT 81
Fig. 3.1. Flowsheet of monazite treatment 86
Fig. 3.2. Drawing of extractor and stripper for semi-pilot plant test 92
Fig. 3.3. Flowsheet of the separation and purification for rare earths 96
Fig. 3.4. Flowsheet of the separation of europium from Sm, Eu, Gd solution 104
Fig. 3.5. Flowsheet of the separation of purification of europium from Sm, Eu, Gd chloride solution 105
Fig. 3.6. The effect of flow rate of EuCl₃ solution for Eu reduction with Zn metal powder 106
Fig. 3.7. The effect of flow rate of 9N-H₂SO₄ for the precipitate of EuSO₄ 107
Fig. 3.8. Procedure of the preparation of rare earth oxide from the separated rare earth solution 112
Fig. 3.9. Recovery of rare earth oxide, La₂O₃, along with the amount of added (COOH)₂ 114
Fig. 3.10. Recovery of rare earth oxide, La₂O₃, along with pH by the addition of NH₄OH 115
Fig. 3.11. Average particle size of rare earth oxide obtained by the precipitation of rare earth oxalic salt with temperature of the solution 116
Fig. 4.1. MCPD spectrum of the Y₂O₂S : Eu 121
Fig. 4.2. MCPD LED color of the Y₂O₂S : Eu 122
Fig. 4.3. MCPD spectrum of the Gd₂O₂S : Tb 125
Fig. 4.4. MCPD LED color of the Gd₂O₂S : Tb 126
Photo 3.1. Overview of the semi-pilot plant 93
Photo 3.2. View of extraction and stripping with the mixer-settler 93
Photo 3.3. Shape of extractor and stripper of the semi-pilot plant 94
Photo 3.4. View of feeding system of the semi-pilot plant 94
Photo 3.5. Overview of the experimental apparatus for the recovery of europium 102
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