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Title Page
Abstract
Contents
1. Introduction 10
1.1. Lithium-ion battery 10
1.2. Challenges of the Ni-based NCM cathode material 13
1.2.1. Transition metal dissolution 13
1.2.2. Safety Issues 15
1.3. Improvement strategies 18
2. Experimental 19
2.1. Preparation of the electrolytes and electrodes 19
2.2. Electrochemical measurements 20
2.3. Characterization 21
3. Results and discussion 22
3.1. Electrochemical performances of Additive on the LiNi0.7Co0.15Mn0.15O2/graphite full cell(이미지참조) 22
3.2. Effect of Additives on cathode surface. 24
3.2.1. Surface modification of LiNi0.7Co0.15Mn0.15O2 cathode(이미지참조) 24
3.2.2. Anodic stability improvements 28
3.2.3. Thermal stability enhancement 29
3.2.4. The microcrack generation retardation 30
3.3. Effect of Additives on anode surface. 36
3.3.1. Differential Capacity (dQ/dV) Analysis 36
3.3.2. Surface modification of graphite anode 37
4. Conclusion 40
REFERENCES 41
Table 1. Summarizing the storage performance of the LiNi0.7Co0.15Mn0.15O2/graphite full cells...(이미지참조) 23
Table 2. Summerizing the cut-off voltage of the cathode and anode vs Li/Li+ at the three electrode...(이미지참조) 32
Figure 1. Schematic illustration of the Lithium-ion battery 11
Figure 2. Energy density comparison for LiFePO₄, LiMnO₄, NCM333, LiCoO₂, Ni-rich NCM and... 12
Figure 3. Compositional phase diagrams of lithium stoichiometric-layered transition-metal... 12
Figure 4. Schematic representation of potential window of conventional electrolytes. 14
Figure 5. Schematic representation of transition metal dissolution on the Ni-rich cathode by a HF... 14
Figure 6. TGA curves of the chemically delithiated Li1-x[NixCoyMnz]O2 with (a) x=1/3, (b) x=0.5,...(이미지참조) 16
Figure 7. A map of relationship between discharge capacity and thermal stability, and capacity... 17
Figure 8. Cycle performance and Columbic efficiency of LiNi0.7Co0.15Mn0.15O2/graphite full cells with...(이미지참조) 22
Figure 9. Storage performance of the LiNi0.7Co0.15Mn0.15O2/graphite full cells without additive, with...(이미지참조) 23
Figure 10. FTIR spectra of LiNi0.7Co0.15Mn0.15O2 cathodes after precycle at 2.5-4.35V according to...(이미지참조) 24
Figure 11. F 1s, P 2p and C 1s spectra of LiNi0.7Co0.15Mn0.15O2 cathode after precycle at 2.5-4.35V of...(이미지참조) 26
Figure 12. Possible mechanism of surface film formation for the ETFB additives on the... 27
Figure 13. (a) Potentiostatic profiles at constant voltage of 4.4V for 10hour after charged to 4.4V for... 28
Figure 14. DSC heating curves of the fully delithiated LiNi0.7Co0.15Mn0.15O2 cathode with the baseline-...(이미지참조) 29
Figure 15. The cross section SEM micrographs of the LiNi0.7Co0.15Mn0.15O2 (a), (b) with baseline...(이미지참조) 30
Figure 16. Voltage profile of the three electrode pouch full cell according to ETFB or not. (a) and (b)... 32
Figure 17. 19F NMR spectra with and without 1%LiOH in baseline electrolyte (a), (b) before storage...(이미지참조) 34
Figure 18. Mechanism of the LiPF6 hydrolysis existed ROH in electrolyte. (a) POF₃ generation reaction...(이미지참조) 35
Figure 19. (a) Differential capacity versus voltage (dQ/dV) curves during precycle at the 25℃ for the... 36
Figure 20. F 1s, P 2p and C 1s spectra of graphite anode after precycle. (a), (c) and (e) baseline... 38
Figure 21. Possible mechanism of surface film formation for the ETFB additives on the graphite anode. 39
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