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Abstract 17
제1장 Histidine-related compounds 분획소재로서 다랑어류 자숙액의 식품학적 특성 20
I. 서론 20
II. 재료 및 방법 28
1. 재료 28
2. 실험동물 28
3. 화학적 산소 요구량 (chemical oxygen demand, COD) 28
4. 일반성분, 염도, pH, Brix 및 단백질 농도 30
5. 중금속 및 무기질 30
6. Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) 가용성 질소, 유리아미노산 및 taste value 30
7. 총아미노산 31
8. 건강기능성 32
9. 통계처리 33
III. 결과 및 고찰 35
1. 화학적 산소 요구량 35
2. 중금속 35
3. 일반성분, pH, 염도 및 birx 36
4. 맛성분 38
5. 영양성분 42
6. HRC 및 taurine의 함량 47
7. 건강기능성 50
IV. 요약 58
제2장 황다랑어 자숙액으로부터 histidine-related compounds의 분획 및 건강 기능성에 대한 영향 59
I. 서론 59
II. 재료 및 방법 63
1. 재료 및 시약 63
2. 실험동물 63
3. 단백질 함량 및 농도 63
4. 유리아미노산 및 총아미노산 64
5. 무기질 64
6. 에탄올에 의한 HRC의 분획 65
7. SDS-polyacrylamide gel 전기영동 (SDS-PAGE) 65
8. 건강기능성 65
9. 통계처리 67
III. 결과 및 고찰 68
1. 에탄올 처리 농도에 따른 농축 황다랑어 자숙액으로부터 HRC의 분획 68
2. 농축 황다랑어 자숙액 유래 HRC 최적 fraction의 특성 83
IV. 요약 88
제3장 황다랑어(Thunnus albacares) 자숙액 유래 에탄올 획분의 수면 구조 분석 89
I. 서론 89
II. 재료 및 방법 92
1. 재료 92
2. 실험 동물 92
3. 수면 구조 분석 92
4. 통계처리 93
III. 결과 및 고찰 96
1. YF-E60의 수면증진효과 96
IV. 요약 107
V. 참고문헌 108
Table 1. Kinds of tuna processing by-products and researches for its efficient uses 25
Table 2. Operation condition of HPLC for measuring angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity 34
Table 3. Proximate composition, pH and salinity of cooking drains from skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis and yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares 37
Table 4. Free amino acid contents of cooking drains from skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis and yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares 40
Table 5. Taste values of cooking drains from skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis and yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares 41
Table 6. Total amino acid contents of cooking drains from skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis and yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares 43
Table 7. Mineral contents of cooking drains from skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis and yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares 47
Table 8. Researches for separation and purification of histidine-related compounds 62
Table 9. Free amino acids (FAAs) content (㎎/100 g protein) of fractions obtained from yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares cooking drain by different ethanol concentration 74
Table 10. Taste values of optimal fraction obtained from yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares cooking drain by different ethanol concentration 85
Table 11. Total amino acid content of optimal fraction obtained from yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares cooking drain by different ethanol concentration 86
Table 12. Mineral content of optimal fraction obtained from yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares cooking drain by different ethanol concentration 87
Fig. 1. Annual catch of tuna in Korea. 21
Fig. 2. Annual output of canned tuna in Korea. 24
Fig. 3. Chemical structure of histidine, anserine (β-alanyl-methyl-histidine) and carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine). 27
Fig. 4. Standard curve for determination of protein concentration by lowry method. 31
Fig. 5. Protocol of pentobarbital-induced sleep behaviour test in mice. 34
Fig. 6. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) contents of cooking drains from skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis and yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares. 37
Fig. 7. TCA soluble nitrogen contents of cooking drains from skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis and yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares. 38
Fig. 8. Histidine-related compounds (HRC) contents of cooking drains from skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis and yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares. 49
Fig. 9. Induction period (IP) and protection factor (PF) of cooking drains from skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis and yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares using the Rancimat test. 52
Fig. 10. Angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity (IC50) of cooking drains from skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis and yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares. 52
Fig. 11. The renin-angiotensin and Kallikrein-kinin system. 53
Fig. 12. Effect of concentrated cooking drains from skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis (SJ) and yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares (YF) on sleep duration in mice administered a hypnotic dose (45 ㎎/㎏, i.p.) of... 56
Fig. 13. Effect of concentrated cooking drains from skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis (SJ) and yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares (YF) on sleep latency in mice administered a hypnotic dose (45 ㎎/㎏, i.p.) of... 57
Fig. 14. Protein content and yield of fractions obtained from yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares cooking drain by different ethanol concentration. 69
Fig. 15. SDS-PAGE pattern of fractions obtained from yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares cooking drain by different ethanol concentration. 72
Fig. 16. Total HRC content (g/100 g protein) and purification (fold) of fractions obtained from yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares cooking drain by different ethanol concentration. 75
Fig. 17. Histidine, anserine and carnosine content (g/100 g protein) and purification (fold) of fractions obtained from yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares cooking drain by different ethanol concentration. 76
Fig. 18. Induction period (hr) and protection factor (PF) of fractions obtained from yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares cooking drain by different ethanol concentration. 80
Fig. 19. Angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity (IC50) of fractions obtained from yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares cooking drain by different ethanol concentration.(이미지참조) 80
Fig. 20. Effect of fractions (obtained from yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares cooking drain by different ethanol concentration) on sleep duration in mice administered a hypnotic dose (45 ㎎/㎏, i.p.) of pentobarbital. 81
Fig. 21. Effect of fractions (obtained from yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares cooking drain by different ethanol concentration) on sleep latency in mice administered a hypnotic dose (45 ㎎/㎏, i.p.) of pentobarbital. 82
Fig. 22. Effect of sleep deprivation 91
Fig. 23. Experimental protocol for EEG (electroencephalogram) and EMG (electromyogram) recording in mice. 94
Fig. 24. Cycle of sleep. 97
Fig. 25. Effects of YF-E60 on sleep latency to NREM sleep. 99
Fig. 26. Total time spent in NREM sleep, REM sleep, and wakefulness for 4 hr after the administration of YF-E60. 101
Fig. 27. Time courses of NREM sleep, REM sleep, and wakefulness after the administration of YF-E60. 102
Fig. 28. Effects of YF-E60 and DZP on changes in the mean duration of each sleep stage. 104
Fig. 29. Classification of sleep waves. 105
Fig. 30. EEG power density during NREM sleep for YF-E60 and DZP. 106
Photo. 1. Photograph of skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis and yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares. 22
Photo. 2. Photograph of cooking drains from skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis and yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares. 29
Photo. 3. Photograph of animals (A) and animal's cage (B). 29
Photo. 4. Photograph of fractions obtained from yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares cooking drain by different ethanol concentration. 70
Photo. 5. Gelation of fractions obtained from yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares cooking drain by different ethanol concentration. 70
Photo. 6. Positions of EEG (electroencephalogram) and EMG (electromyogram) in rat skull (A) and the recording chamber (B). 94
Photo. 7. Photography of EEG recording instruments. 95
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