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1. 서론 8

2. 문헌고찰 13

2.1. 하수슬러지 재활용현황 13

2.2. 열분해 기술의 국내외 연구 동향 15

2.3. 활성화의 국내외 연구 동향 19

3. 이론적 고찰 25

3.1. 열분해 25

3.1.1. 열분해 반응의 유형 27

3.2. 활성화 30

3.2.1. 물리적 활성화 30

3.2.2. KOH에 의한 무기물질 제거 34

3.2.3. 화학적 활성화 36

4. 실험장치 및 방법 40

4.1. 열분해 40

4.2. 압축 성형 42

4.3. 활성화 45

4.4. 흡착제 칼럼 실험 47

5. 실험결과 50

5.1. 하수슬러지 탈수케이크와 char의 물리화학적 특성 50

5.2. 하수슬러지 탄화물로부터 무기물질 제거 54

5.2.1. 하수슬러지 열분해 온도 결정 54

5.2.2. 무기물 제거 61

5.3. 화학적 활성화 70

5.4. 활성화로 인한 표면 특성 75

5.5. BET 비표면적 77

5.6. 흡착제의 칼럼실험 84

6. 결론 87

Reference 89

Appendix 94

Abstract 97

표목차

Table 2.1. The status of sewage sludge recycling 14

Table 3.1. Chemical reaction of Pyrolysis 26

Table 5.1. Componential analysis and ultimate analysis of sewage sludge and... 52

Table 5.2. The compositions of metal oxides in dried sewage sludge... 53

Table 5.3. The compositions of metal oxides in each sample 69

Table 5.4. Heavy metal concentrations of adsorbent P1-800 74

Table 5.5. The quantity comparison of KOH for adsorbents activation 74

Table 5.6. Surface characteristics of adsorbents measured by BET analysis 77

Table 5.7. The characteristics of adsorbents by chemical activation 84

그림목차

Fig. 3.1. Aromatic formation reaction by non-condensed gas. 29

Fig. 3.2. Gibbs free energies for reactions proposed in equation 3.19,... 39

Fig. 3.3. Gibbs free energies for reactions proposed in equation 3.25, 3.26. 39

Fig. 4.1. The schematic diagram of sewage sludge pyrolysis system. 41

Fig. 4.2. The schematic diagram of Hydraulic laboratory press. 43

Fig. 4.3. The schematic diagram of press mold. 44

Fig. 4.4. The schematic diagram of chemical activation system. 46

Fig. 4.5. Experimental apparatus of column test. 48

Fig. 4.6. Flow diagram for preparation of adsorbents. 49

Fig. 5.1. The X-ray diffraction patterns for carbonized sewage... 56

Fig. 5.2. Change of Iodine adsorptivity of pyrolyzed sewage sludge... 57

Fig. 5.3. Thermogravimetric analysis curves for char and coal tar... 60

Fig. 5.4. Change of Iodine adsorptivity of adsorbents as a function... 63

Fig. 5.5. Change of Iodine adsorptivity of adsorbents pyrolyzed... 65

Fig. 5.6. Change of Iodine adsorptivity of adsorbents as a function... 67

Fig. 5.7. Thermogravimetric analysis curves for pre-activated char... 71

Fig. 5.8. Change of Iodine adsorptivity of adsorbents as a function... 72

Fig. 5.9. FT-IR spectra of the adsorbent P1-800. 76

Fig. 5.10. Total pore volume vs specific surface area measured by... 79

Fig. 5.11. Iodine adsorptivity vs surface area of adsorbent P1-700,... 81

Fig. 5.12. Pore Volume distribution of adsorbent P1-800. 83

Fig. 5.13. BOD, COD, SS, T-N, T-P and Turbidity removal... 86