Title page
Contents
Preface 4
Acknowledgements 6
Abbreviations and acronyms 9
Executive summary 10
1. Introduction 13
The role of cities and regions in achieving the SDGs amid geopolitical uncertainty 13
The OECD-SDSN-CoR survey on the role of cities and regions for the SDGs in a changing landscape 14
References 15
2. Snapshot of SDG implementation in cities and regions 17
Awareness-raising campaigns are the primary vehicle that local and regional governments deploy to achieve the SDGs 17
Political leadership at the local and regional levels is the most important success factor in SDG implementation for subnational governments 18
For most local and regional governments, a lack of financial resources is a key governance challenge for implementing the SDGs 19
Local and regional governments track SDG progress using local, regional and national data 20
Ways forward 21
References 23
3. The role of the SDGs for COVID-19 recovery in cities and regions 24
Around half of surveyed LRGs use the SDGs in the COVID-19 recovery phase 24
The people dimension is the top post-COVID-19 challenge at the subnational level 25
Ways forward 25
4. Impact of current crises on key policy areas and SDGs 27
Cost of living 27
Energy 30
Food security 35
Ways forward 38
Reference 41
Note 41
Annex A. Examples of policies and actions implemented by cities and regions 42
Annex B. The role of cities and regions in implementing SDGs in a changing landscape - A joint OECD-SDSN-CoR survey 44
Figure 2.1. Which of these policies and actions has your city/region adopted for the implementation of the SDGs in your territory? 17
Figure 2.2. What contributes to the success of SDG implementation in your city/region? 19
Figure 2.3. What are the governance challenges your city/region has faced or is currently facing in implementing the 2030 Agenda? 20
Figure 2.4. What type of data do you use to track progress on the SDGs? 21
Figure 3.1. Are you using the SDGs as a framework for the COVID-19 recovery phase? 24
Figure 3.2. Where do you see the biggest post-COVID-19 challenges for your city/region with regard to the SDGs? 25
Figure 4.1. Due to the cost-of-living crisis, living standards in my city/region have... [answer] 27
Figure 4.2. Which areas are the most affected by the increase in cost of living in your city/region? 28
Figure 4.3. Which of the following measures has your city/region put in place to respond to increasing price levels? 29
Figure 4.4. What impact does the cost-of-living crisis have on the human and financial capacity of your city/region to work on the SDGs? 30
Figure 4.5. Since the outbreak of the Russia's war of aggression against Ukraine, the achievement of SDG 7 (Clean and affordable energy) in my city/region has... [answer] 31
Figure 4.6. Since the outbreak of the Russian war in Ukraine, the cost of electricity in my city/region has... [answer] 32
Figure 4.7. In response to the growing pressures on the international energy market, our city/region and public energy provider have... [answer] 33
Figure 4.8. Does your city/region have consumption-based emission targets? 34
Figure 4.9. Which of the following strategies or policies could help your city or region best transition to cleaner energy production and achieve SDG 7? 34
Figure 4.10. To which extent is SDG 2 Zero hunger a priority for your local and regional government? 35
Figure 4.11. In light of increasingly frequent ruptures in the global food supply chain due to the implications of the war in Ukraine and the consequences of climate change,... 36
Figure 4.12. Which measures has your city/region put in place to achieve a sustainable food system? 37
Figure 4.13. What programmes are being implemented in your city/region to reduce food waste (SDGs 2 and 12)? 38
Boxes
Box 1.1. The OECD-SDSN-CoR survey on the role of cities and regions for the SDGs in a changing landscape, 2023 14
Box 2.1. Key findings from the previous OECD-CoR survey (2021) on the SDGs as a framework for COVID-19 recovery in cities and regions 18
Annex Tables
Table A.1. Policies and actions put in place by cities and regions responding to the survey 42
Table B.1. Survey structure and questions 44