표제지
연구보고서
목차
Contents 6
국문요약 13
Summary 14
제1장 서론 16
제2장 구름물리관측시스템 유지 및 산출물 검·보정 18
2.1. 서론 18
2.2. 전방산란스펙트로메타 20
2.2.1. 서론 20
2.2.2. 전방산란스펙트로메타의 기기특성 및 관측원리 20
2.2.3. 산출물의 검·보정 24
2.3. 광학디스트로메타 27
2.3.1. 서론 27
2.3.2. 광학디스트로메타의 기기특성 및 관측원리 28
2.3.3. 산출물의 검·보정 32
2.4. 마이크로웨이브 레디오미터 34
2.4.1. 서론 34
2.4.2. 마이크로웨이브 레디오미터의 기기특성 및 관측원리 34
2.4.3. 산출물의 검·보정 38
2.5. 마이크로 강우 레이더 40
2.5.1. 서론 40
2.5.2. 마이크로 강우 레이더의 기기특성 및 관측원리 40
2.5.3. 산출물의 검·보정 43
2.6. 요약 및 결론 46
제3장 수직 구름 특성 분석 47
3.1. 서론 47
3.2. 자료 및 방법 48
3.3. 마이크로웨이브 레디오미터 관측자료 분석 49
3.3.1. 가강수량 검증 49
3.3.2. 통계분석 50
3.3.3. 계절별 통계분석 53
3.3.4. 일변동량 54
3.4. 요약 및 결론 56
제4장 지상 구름 특성 분석 58
4.1. 서론 58
4.2. 자료 및 방법 60
4.3. 결과 분석 64
4.3.1. 전반적 미세구름물리 특성 64
4.3.2. 입자크기 분포 특성 비교 66
4.4. 요약 및 결론 71
제5장 원격 하늘상태 관측시스템 73
5.1. 서론 73
5.2. 원격 하늘상태 관측 74
5.2.1. 원격 하늘상태 관측개념도 74
5.2.2. 원격 하늘상태 관측기기 시험테스트 76
5.2.3. 시험테스트 결과 분석 79
5.3. 요약 및 결론 79
제6장 자동 하늘상태 관측시스템 80
6.1. 서론 80
6.2. 자동 하늘상태 관측 80
6.2.1. 자동하늘상태 관측 개념도 80
6.2.2. 자동하늘상태 관측원리 81
6.3. 요약 및 결론 85
참고문헌 86
부록 A. 대관령기상대(신구)의 안개특성 비교분석 90
부록 B. 안개챔버를 이용한 안개소산 공동연구 102
부록 C. 이류안개를 소산시키기 위한 흡습성 입자의 이동시딩방법에 관한 실험연구 116
부록 D. 2007년 연구성과 124
Table 2.1. Specification of FSSP. 23
Table 2.2. Specification of PARSIVEL. 29
Table 2.3. Classification according to volume-equivalent diameter. 29
Table 2.4. Classification according to falling velocity. 29
Table 2.5. Derived equations of integral rain parameters. 32
Table 2.6. Specifications of MWR. 38
Table 2.7. Preferred applications on meteorological research of micro rain radar 42
Table 2.8. The characteristics of micro rain radar (MRR-2) 42
Table 2.9. Derivation of parameters obtained from spectral power received by the radar 44
Table 2.10. The specifications of the instruments of cloud physics observation system (CPOS) and their calibration status. 46
Table 3.1. Statistical analysis of precipitable water vapor and liquid water path. Data are for clear and cloudy condition at Cheongju. 51
Table 3.2. Same as Fig. 3.1 but for clear condition at Cheongju. 51
Table 3.3. Same as Fig. 3.1 but for cloudy condition at Cheongju. 51
Table 3.4. Statistical analysis of precipitable water vapor and liquid water path Data are for clear and cloudy condition at Hapcheon. 52
Table 3.5. Same as Fig. 3.4 but for clear condition at Hapcheon. 52
Table 3.6. Same as Fig. 3.4 but for cloudy condition at Hapcheon. 53
Table 4.1. Fog observation and its meteorological characteristics which are classified by wind direction accompanying fogs for Nov. 2003 - Oct. 2005. 63
Table 4.2. Microphysical characteristics of fog droplets according to wind direction and topography. Here Nc, Lc, and MD denote the mean number of droplets, liquid water content and diameter of droplets, respectively. 65
Table 5.1. First observation results of remote observation system of sky condition at Daegwallyeong. 77
Fig. 1.1. Observation system:... 17
Fig. 2.1. Location of the Daegwallyeong Cloud physics Observation System in the korean peninsula. 18
Fig. 2.2. Web image of cloud physics observation system:... 19
Fig. 2.3. The FSSP and it's major components. 22
Fig. 2.4. The droplet size distribution of certified glass-particle size standards (Aug. 2006):... 25
Fig. 2.5. Comparison of 5-minutes mean mass concentration of calcium chloride(CaCl₂) particles between PM10 and FSSP (Jun. 2005):... 26
Fig. 2.6. The PARSIVEL disdrometer. 28
Fig. 2.7. Snapshot of monitoring snow droplets on the PARSIVEL application software, ASDO, at online mode in Mokpo. 31
Fig. 2.8. The diagram of PARSIVEL disdrometer's measuring principle.... 31
Fig. 2.9. Comparison of 30 minutes accumulated rainfall in May 26, 2006 at Mokpo among the instruments, AWS rain-gauge, PARSIVEL disdrometer, optical rain gauge, and micro rain radar.... 33
Fig. 2.10. The Microwave Radiometer. 35
Fig. 2.11. Diagram of the Microwave Radiometer. 35
Fig. 2.12. Atmospheric absorption/emission spectrum between 20 and 35 GHz. 36
Fig. 2.13. Scatter plot of the PWV calculated by the MWR against that derived from Radiosonde for clear sky (A, cross) and cloudy sky (B, circle) conditions for Dec. 2003 - Apr. 2004. 39
Fig. 2.14. The Micro Rain Radar. 41
Fig. 2.15. Comparison of (a) 15 min, (b) 20 min, (c) 30 min and (d) 60 min cumulative rainfall from AWS and MRR. 45
Fig. 3.1. Map of the Microwave radiometer (circle), the radiosonde (triangle) observation sites and the meteorological office at KMA (square). 48
Fig. 3.2. Verification of MWR PWV with the radiosonde station:... 50
Fig. 3.3. Monthly means of precipitable water vapor (PWV) observed by microwave radiometer at Cheongju (white bars) and Hapcheon (black bars). 53
Fig. 3.4. Monthly mean liquid water path (LWP) observed by microwave radiometer at Cheongju (white bars) and Hapcheon (black bars). 54
Fig. 3.5. The mean seasonal diumal variation of precipitable water vapor:... 55
Fig. 3.6. Time series of mean diumal variations:... 55
Fig. 3.7. The mean seasonal diurnal variation of liquid water path:... 56
Fig. 4.1. (a) The SOAR research aircraft equipped with cloud-physics instrumentation and aerosol instruments for operating cloud seeding programs and studying cloud physics and hydrometeors. Airborne measurements of cloud droplet number concentrations in marine stratocumulus cloud in (b) 12 June, 1994... 59
Fig. 4.2. (a) Location and topography of Daegwallyeong in Taeback mountains and (b) the schematic diagram illustrating the easterly non-orographic fog (①), the easterly orographic fog (②), and the westerly non-orographic fog (③). 62
Fig. 4.3. Microphysical characteristics of fog droplets at Daegwallyeong site according to wind direction (2004). 65
Fig. 4.4. A comparison of fog droplets size distribution between (a) each easterly wind fog event and (b) each westerly wind fog event at Daegwallyeong site in 2003. 67
Fig. 4.5. Same as Fig. 3.1.4 except in 2004. 68
Fig. 4.6. Same as Fig. 3.1.4 except in 2005. 68
Fig. 4.7. A comparison of fog droplets size distribution between all easterly wind fogs and westerly wind fogs at Daegwallyeong site (a) in 2003, (b) in 2004, (c) in 2005 and (d) total period. 69
Fig. 4.8. A comparison of the mean fog droplet spectra (a) between the east (solid line) and west (dashed line) fog and (b) the easterly orographic fog (solid line), non-orographic fog (dashed line), and the westerly fog (dotted line). 70
Fig. 5.1. Schematic diagram of first model of remote observation system of sky condition. 75
Fig. 5.2. Same as in Fig. 5.1 but second model. 75
Fig. 5.3. Second observation results of remote observation system of sky condition at Daegwallyeong. 78
Fig. 5.4. Same as in Fig. 5.3 but observation of another days. 78
Fig. 6.1. Automatic observation system of sky condition. 81
Fig. 6.2. Photograph of sky condition. 82
Fig. 6.3. Schematic of cloud identification:... 83
Fig. 6.4. Estimate of cloud height from stereoscopic method. 84