표제지
제출문
요약문(SUMMARY)
목차
제1장 서론 22
제1절 연구의 개요 22
제2절 연구 개발의 목적 23
제3절 연구개발의 내용 및 범위 23
1. 연구개발의 최종목표 23
2. 연구개발 내용 및 범위 24
제2장 국내외 관련 연구 현황 25
제3장 연구개발 수행 내용 및 결과 26
제1절 이동탱크로리의 종류 및 사고에 따른 피해 현상 고찰 26
1. 이동탱크로리의 종류 및 현황 26
2. 이동탱크로리의 구조 및 안전장치 26
3. 이송 물질별 탱크로리(트레일러) 구조 29
제2절 이동탱크로리의 사고 현황 및 사례 분석 32
1. 사고 현황 32
2. 국내 사고 사례 분석 35
3. 국외 사고 사례 분석 38
제3절 이동탱크로리 유출화재 실험 42
1. 실험 개요 42
2. 실험 장치 42
3. 실험 방법 50
4. 실험 결과 52
제3절 이동탱크로리의 화재 및 누출 알고리즘 구축 137
1. Acid 유출시 중화 모델 137
2. 이동탱크로리 누출 모델 140
제4절 이동탱크로리 화재 진압 프로그램 개발 164
1. 이동탱크로리 누출 화재 진화 165
2. GRAPH 179
3. HAZARD 180
4. 진압 시 주의 사항 185
5. 위험물 사고대처 DB 186
제5절 유해위험물 운송을 위한 안전 메뉴얼 190
1. 운송전의 점검 190
2. 저장시설로부터 이동탱크저장소에 위험물을 주입하는 작업의 안전관리 193
3. 이동탱크저장소로부터 저장시설에 주입하는 작업의 안전관리 196
4. 컨테이너식 이동탱크저장소의 이동저장탱크를 적재하거나 하역하는 작업의 기준 199
5. 정전기에 대한 안전관리 199
6. 운송시 주의 및 준수사항 201
7. 운송종료 시 안전관리 203
8. 호스 및 로딩암 취급 시 사고형태 및 위험감소대책 203
9. 사고시 응급조치 204
제4장 결론 207
제5장 연구개발 목표달성도 및 대외기여도 211
제1절 연구 개발 목표의 달성도 211
제2절 관련 분야의 기술 발전 기여도 211
제6장 연구개발 결과의 활용계획 212
제1절 추가 연구의 필요성 및 타 연구에의 응용 212
제2절 기업화 추진 방안 212
참고문헌 213
부록 : 탱크화재 진압프로그램의 소스 코드(일부 공개) 216
판권기 276
Table 1. Fire occurrence statistical summary classified by the kinds... 32
Table 2. Principal chemical materials causing the accident... 33
Table 3. Principal chemical materials causing the accident... 34
Table 4. The instrumentation range of air velocity... 43
Table 5. The summary of measuring apparatuses used... 45
Table 6. The maximum temperature as adding amounts of sulfuric... 132
Table 7. The maximum value of temperature profiles as the... 135
Table 8. The maximum value of temperature profiles as the... 136
Table 9. Minimum thickness measured by Cremer and Warner 144
Table 10. Regression constant Φ for the liquid surface expressed... 147
Table 11. ks, αs proposed by Cremer & Warner[이미지참조] 152
Table 12. ks, αs value added by TNO in 1976[이미지참조] 153
Table 13. Each of constant value as the air stability 158
Table 14. Factor value for volatility rate in several toxic... 162
Table 15. Main constitution contents in the developed program 165
Table 16. Factor value for volatility rate 168
Table 17. Minimum thickness measured by Cremer and Warner 169
Table 18. Ks, αs Value proposed by Cremer and Warner[이미지참조] 170
Table 19. Each of constant value as the air stability 179
Table 20. The effect of radiant heat 182
Table 21. The saturated vapor pressure of water as temperature 184
Table 22. The part ratio of total heat radiated in a Poolfire 184
Table 23. The hazards of materials and handing method in accident 187
Fig. 1. The external structure of tank lorry 27
Fig. 2. The internal structure of tank lorry... 27
Fig. 3. Name of each part in tank lorry 29
Fig. 4. 5200 I.G. Semi-Trailer 30
Fig. 5. 4200 U.S.G. Semi-Trailer 30
Fig. 6. 5400 U.S.G. Semi-Trailer 31
Fig. 7. 16-Tube Trailer 31
Fig. 8. The pictures of 3,000ℓ tank lorry used in the experiment 42
Fig. 9. The picture of radiant heat flux meter 44
Fig. 10. Measuring apparatuses in the experiment 45
Fig. 11. The position of K-type thermocouples 46
Fig. 12. K-type thermocouples measuring surrounding... 47
Fig. 13. Sheath type temperature sensors installed for measuring... 48
Fig. 14. The position of radiant heat flux sensors 49
Fig. 15. The position of air velocity sensors for... 50
Fig. 16. The slant degree of slope plate 52
Fig. 17. The fire scenes when the methanol is leaked by the velocity... 53
Fig. 18. The fire scenes when methanol is leaked by the velocity of... 54
Fig. 19. The fire scenes when methanol is leaked by the velocity of... 55
Fig. 20. The fire scenes when methanol is leaked by the velocity of... 56
Fig. 21. The fire scenes when methanol is leaked by the velocity of... 57
Fig. 22. The fire scenes when methanol is leaked by the velocity of... 58
Fig. 23. The fire scenes when methanol is leaked by the velocity of... 59
Fig. 24. The fire scenes when methanol is leaked by the velocity of... 60
Fig. 25. The fire scenes when diesel oil is leaked by the velocity of... 61
Fig. 26. The fire scenes when diesel oil is leaked by the velocity of... 62
Fig. 27. The fire scenes when diesel oil is leaked by the velocity of... 63
Fig. 28. The fire scenes when diesel oil is leaked by the velocity of... 64
Fig. 29. The fire scenes when diesel oil is leaked by the velocity of... 65
Fig. 30. The fire scenes when diesel oil is leaked by the velocity of... 66
Fig. 31. The fire scenes when diesel oil is leaked by the velocity of... 67
Fig. 32. The fire scenes when diesel oil is leaked by the velocity of... 68
Fig. 33. The pictures of neutralization reaction process... 70
Fig. 34. The pictures after the sulfuric acid and... 70
Fig. 35. The pictures before and after the neutralization... 71
Fig. 36. The pictures before and after the neutralization... 71
Fig. 37. The leakage area as the slant degree of... 72
Fig. 38. The leakage area as the slant degree of... 73
Fig. 39. The leakage area as the slant degree of... 74
Fig. 40. The leakage area as the slant degree of... 75
Fig. 41. The leakage area as the slant degree of slope plate 76
Fig. 42. The flow directions for measuring the velocity which spreads... 77
Fig. 43. The leakage velocity in the flow direction as the slant... 78
Fig. 44. The leakage velocity in the flow direction as the slant... 79
Fig. 45. The leakage velocity in the flow direction as the slant... 80
Fig. 46. The leakage velocity in the flow direction as the slant... 81
Fig. 47. The leakage area as the slant degree of... 82
Fig. 48. The leakage area as the slant degree of... 83
Fig. 49. The leakage area as the slant degree of... 84
Fig. 50. The leakage area as the slant degree of... 85
Fig. 51. The leakage area as the slant degree of slope plate 86
Fig. 52. The flow directions for measuring the velocity which spreads... 87
Fig. 53. The leakage velocity in the flow direction as the slant... 88
Fig. 54. The leakage velocity in the flow direction as the slant... 89
Fig. 55. The leakage velocity in the flow direction as the slant... 90
Fig. 56. The leakage velocity in the flow direction as the slant... 91
Fig. 57. The temperature profiles of flame when methanol is leaked... 93
Fig. 58. The surrounding temperature profiles of a tank lorry... 93
Fig. 59. The internal temperature profiles of a tank lorry... 94
Fig. 60. The variations of surrounding wind speed when methanol is... 94
Fig. 61. The variations of radiant heat flux as time passages... 95
Fig. 62. The variations of radiant heat flux(at 10min) as the distances... 95
Fig. 63. The temperature profiles of flame when methanol is leaked... 96
Fig. 64. The surrounding temperature profiles of a tank lorry... 97
Fig. 65. The internal temperature profiles of a tank lorry... 97
Fig. 66. The variations of surrounding wind speed... 98
Fig. 67. The variations of radiant heat flux as time passages... 98
Fig. 68. The variations of radiant heat flux(at 20min) as the... 99
Fig. 69. The temperature profiles of flame when methanol is leaked... 100
Fig. 70. The surrounding temperature profiles of a tank lorry... 100
Fig. 71. The internal temperature profiles of a tank lorry... 101
Fig. 72. The variations of surrounding wind speed... 101
Fig. 73. The variations of radiant heat flux as time passages... 102
Fig. 74. The variations of radiant heat flux(at 15min) as the... 102
Fig. 75. The temperature profiles of flame when methanol is leaked... 103
Fig. 76. The surrounding temperature profiles of a tank lorry... 104
Fig. 77. The internal temperature profiles of a tank lorry... 104
Fig. 78. The variations of surrounding wind speed... 105
Fig. 79. The variations of radiant heat flux as time passages... 105
Fig. 80. The variations of radiant heat flux(at 20min) as the... 106
Fig. 81. The temperature profiles of flame when methanol is leaked... 107
Fig. 82. The surrounding temperature profiles of a tank lorry... 108
Fig. 83. The internal temperature profiles of a tank lorry when... 108
Fig. 84. The variations of surrounding wind speed when methanol is... 109
Fig. 85. The variations of radiant heat flux as time passages... 109
Fig. 86. The variations of radiant heat flux(at 20min) as the... 110
Fig. 87. The temperature profiles of flame when diesel oil is leaked... 111
Fig. 88. The surrounding temperature profiles of a tank lorry... 112
Fig. 89. The internal temperature profiles of a tank lorry... 112
Fig. 90. The variations of surrounding wind speed... 113
Fig. 91. The variations of radiation heat flux as time passages when... 113
Fig. 92. The variations of radiation heat flux(at 20min) as the... 114
Fig. 93. The temperature profiles of flame when diesel oil is leaked... 115
Fig. 94. The surrounding temperature profiles of a tank lorry... 115
Fig. 95. The internal temperature profiles of a tank lorry... 116
Fig. 96. The variations of surrounding wind speed... 116
Fig. 97. The variations of radiation heat flux as time passages when... 117
Fig. 98. The variations of radiation heat flux(at 20min) as the... 117
Fig. 99. The temperature profiles of flame when diesel oil is leaked... 118
Fig. 100. The surrounding temperature profiles of a tank lorry... 119
Fig. 101. The internal temperature profiles of a tank lorry... 119
Fig. 102. The variations of surrounding wind speed when diesel oil... 120
Fig. 103. The variations of radiation heat flux as time passages... 120
Fig. 104. The variations of radiation heat flux(at 20min) as the... 121
Fig. 105. The temperature profiles of flame when diesel oil is leaked... 122
Fig. 106. The surrounding temperature profiles of a tank lorry... 122
Fig. 107. The internal temperature profiles of a tank lorry... 123
Fig. 108. The variations of surrounding wind speed when diesel oil is... 123
Fig. 109. The variations of radiation heat flux as time passages... 124
Fig. 110. The variations of radiation heat flux (at 35min) as the... 124
Fig. 111. The temperature profiles of flame when diesel oil is leaked... 126
Fig. 112. The surrounding temperature profiles of a tank lorry when... 126
Fig. 113. The internal temperature profiles of a tank lorry when... 127
Fig. 114. The variations of surrounding wind speed when diesel oil... 127
Fig. 115. The variations of radiation heat flux as time passages... 128
Fig. 116. The variations of radiation heat flux(at 20min) as the... 128
Fig. 117. The temperature profiles when the sulfuric acid... 129
Fig. 118. The temperature profiles in the neutralization when the calcium... 130
Fig. 119. The temperature profiles in the neutralization when the calcium... 131
Fig. 120. The temperature profiles of the neutralization reaction with... 132
Fig. 121. The maximum temperature of reaction as the changes of... 133
Fig. 122. The temperature profiles in the neutralization reaction with... 134
Fig. 123. The temperature profiles in the neutralization reaction with... 136
Fig. 124. The change properties of pH as neutralization 139
Fig. 125. The propriety curve as electric conductivity 140
Fig. 126. The movement of heat 145
Fig. 127. The liquid surface in the time of t 146
Fig. 128. The liquid surface formed in the land 149
Fig. 129. The sequence diagram for evaporator in the liquid surface... 154
Fig. 130. The sequence diagram for calculating Qm of liquid...[이미지참조] 163
Fig. 131. Title screen on start program 164
Fig. 132. Program main menu 165
Fig. 133. Main setting menu for fire suppression in tank leakage 166
Fig. 134. Setting menu for the leaked surface 169
Fig. 135. Setting menu for surrounding temperature in fires 171
Fig. 136. The description of radiant heat in Poolfire by wind 174
Fig. 137. An illustration for radiant heat capacity... 176
Fig. 138. The radius and total leakage amounts of leaked flat... 180
Fig. 139. The risks of radiant heat 181
Fig. 140. An illustration considering 185
Fig. 141. A Program illustration for the selection... 186