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List of Table
List of Figure
List of Photograph
칼라
목차
제1장 서론 19
제1절 고령토의 특성 및 현황 22
제2절 관련제품의 용도 및 규격 29
제2장 실험결과 및 고찰 57
제1절 실험방법 57
제2절 실험결과 및 고찰 63
제3장 고령토를 이용한 칼라골재 제조 133
제1절 이론적 고찰 133
제2절 시료 및 실험장치 136
제3절 결과 및 고찰 143
제4절 결론 160
제4장 벤토나이트 정제 및 활성화 기술 개발 기초연구 161
제1절 벤토나이트 현황 161
제2절 벤토나이트(몬모릴로나이트)와 그의 공업적 응용 163
제3절 벤토나이트의 정제 및 활성 벤토나이트의 제조 175
제4절 몬모릴로나이트 층간화합물의 제조 및 팽윤성 177
1. 몬모릴로나이트와 6-hydroxy-n-hexyldimethylethylammonium-ion 및 11-hydroxy-n-undecyldimethylethylammonium-ion에 의한 organophilic montmorillonite(ontmorillonite) 층간 화합물의 형성과 그 팽윤성 177
2. Na-Montmorillonite와 Octadecylenetrimethylammonium ion에 의한 Organophilic Montmorillonite 층간화합물의 형성과 그 팽윤거동에 관한 연구 187
제5장 결론 203
참고문헌 207
판권지 211
Table 1. Properties of Kaoline Group Minerals 23
Table 2. Regional Deposit of Kaoline in Korea 24
Table 3. Reserves of Kaoline in the World 26
Table 4. Status of Supply and Demand of Kaoline 28
Table 5. Status of Export and Import of Kaoline. 28
Table 6. Consumption of Kaoline in the U.S.A and China 31
Table 7. Properties of the Primary and Secondary Clay 35
Table 8. Composition of Porcelain Products 39
Table 9. Classification of Kaoline in Korea 40
Table 10. Specification of Kaoline Products. 41
Table 11. Chemical Composition of Zettlitz Kaoline 42
Table 12. Chemical Composition of Domestic A-Grade Kaoline 42
Table 13. Properties of filler and coating-grade kaoline for Paper. 45
Table 14. Typical physical properties of functional filler-grade kaoline 49
Table 15. Price of Domestic and Imported Kaoline by Year 51
Table 16. Prices of Kaoline by Producer. 52
Table 17. World Deposits, Production and Consumption of Kaoline (1990) 54
Table 18. Result of Chemical Analysis for Samples. 65
Table 19. Sieve Analysis on Dae-myoung PB-Grade. 73
Table 20. Sieve Analysis on Dae-myoung PC-Grade 74
Table 21. Sieve Analysis on Dae-myoung WB-Grade 75
Table 22. Sieve Analysis on Dae-myoung WC-Grade 76
Table 23. Sieve Analysis on Ha-dong PB-Grade 77
Table 24. Sieve Analysis on Ha-dong PC- Grade 78
Table 25. Sieve Analysis on Ha-dong WB-Grade 79
Table 26. Sieve Analysis on Ha-dong WC- Grade 80
Table 27. Results of Grinding Test on Dae-myoung PB-Grade 83
Table 28. Result of Grinding Test on Dae-myoung PC-Grade 83
Table 29. Result of Grinding Test on Dae-myoung WB-Grade 84
Table 30. Result of Grinding Test on Dae-myoung WC-Grade 84
Table 31. Result of Grinding Test on Ha-dong PB-Grade 85
Table 32. Result of Grinding Test on Ha-dong PC-Grade 85
Table 33. Result of Grinding Test on Ha-dong WB-Grade 86
Table 34. Result of Grinding Test on Ha-dong WC-Grade 86
Table 35. Result of Classification Test on Dae-myoung WB-Grade - 1 91
Table 36. Result of Classification Test on Dae-myoung WB-Grade - 2 92
Table 37. Result of Classification Test on Dae-myoung WB-Grade - 3 92
Table 38. Result of Classification Test on Dae-myoung WC-Grade - 1 97
Table 39. Result of Classification Test on Dae-myoung WC-Grade - 2 98
Table 40. Result of Classification Test on Dae-myoung WC-Grade - 3 98
Table 41. Result of Classification Test on Dae-myoung PB-Grade - 1 101
Table 42. Result of Classification Test on Dae-myoung PB-Grade - 2 102
Table 43. Result of Classification Test on Dae-myoung PB-Grade - 3 102
Table 44. Result of Classification Test on Dae-myoung PC-Grade - 1 107
Table 45. Result of Classification Test on Dae-myoung PC-Grade - 2 107
Table 46. Result of Classification Test on Dae-myoung PC-Grade - 3 108
Table 47. Result of Classification Test on Ha-dong WB-Grade - 1 110
Table 48. Result of Classification Test on Ha-dong WB-Grade - 2 111
Table 49. Result of Classification Test on Ha-dong WB-Grade - 3 111
Table 50. Result of Classification Test on Ha-dong WC-Grade - 1 116
Table 51. Result of Classification Test on Ha-dong WC-Grade - 2 117
Table 52. Result of Classification Test on Ha-dong WC-Grade - 3 117
Table 53. Result of Classification Test on Ha-dong PB-Grade - 1 119
Table 54. Result of Classification Test on Ha-dong PB-Grade - 2 120
Table 55. Result of Classification Test on Ha-dong PB-Grade - 3 120
Table 56. Result of Classification Test on Ha-dong PC-Grade - 1 125
Table 57. Result of Classification Test on Ha-dong PC-Grade - 2 125
Table 58. Result of Classification Test on Ha-dong PC-Grade - 3 126
Table 59. Physical Properties of Dae-myoung White Kaoline 129
Table 60. Physical Properties of Dae-myoung Pink Kaoline 130
Table 61. Physical Properties of Ha-dong White Kaoline 131
Table 62. Physical Properties of Ha-dong Pink Kaoline 132
Table 63. Chemical Analysis of Samples. 137
Table 64. Fusion Temperature of Kaolines. 144
Table 65. Fusion Properties of(od) Kaolins. 148
Table 66. Chromaticity coordinates of Sintered Kaolin(Sanchung). 151
Table 67. Chromaticity coordinates of Sintered Kaolin(blue). 154
Table 68. Chromaticity coordinates of Sintered Kaolin (green). 154
Table 69. Chromaticity coordinates of Sintered Kaolin (black). 155
Table 70. Basal spacings(Å), measured(meseared) in still wet condition in exchange solution and dried condition after cation-exchange-reaction 179
Table 71. Basal spacings(Å), obtained in still wet condition after swelling of dried organophilic montmorillonite 184
Table 72. Basal Spacings(Å), measured in still Wet Condition under Exchange Solution and in Dried Condition after Cation-Exchange-Reaction 190
Table 73. Basal spacings(Å), measured in various aromatic swelling-solutions of dried organophilic ODTM-Mont and HDTM-Mont 195
Fig. 1. X-ray diffraction patterns of Dae-myoung PB-Grade. 68
Fig. 2. X-ray diffraction patterns of Dae-myoung WB-Grade. 68
Fig. 3. X-ray diffraction patterns of Ha-dong PB-Grade. 69
Fig. 4. X-ray diffraction patterns of Ha-dong WB-Grade. 69
Fig. 5. Impact Mill 82
Fig. 6. Air classifier. 88
Fig. 7. XRD pattern of Dae-myoung WB-Grade ground at 5000 rpm. 93
Fig. 8. XRD pattern of Dae-myoung WB-Grade ground at 7000 rpm. 93
Fig. 9. XRD pattern of Dae-myoung WB-Grade ground at 9000 rpm. 94
Fig. 10. XRD pattern of Dae-myoung WB-Grade Tailing. 94
Fig. 11. XRD pattern of Dae-myoung PB-Grade ground at 5000 rpm. 103
Fig. 12. XRD pattern of Dae-myoung PB-Grade ground at 7000 rpm. 103
Fig. 13. XRD pattern of Dae-myoung PB-Grade ground at 9000 rpm. 104
Fig. 14. XRD pattern of Dae-myoung PB-Grade Tailing. 104
Fig. 15. XRD pattern of Ha-dong WB-Grade ground at 5000 rpm. 112
Fig. 16. XRD pattern of Ha-dong WB-Grade ground at 7000 rpm. 112
Fig. 17. XRD pattern of Ha-dong WB-Grade ground at 9000 rpm. 113
Fig. 18. XRD pattern of Ha-dong WB-Grade Tailing. 113
Fig. 19. XRD pattern of Ha-dong PB-Grade ground at 5000 rpm. 121
Fig. 20. XRD pattern of Ha-dong PB-Grade ground at 7000 rpm. 121
Fig. 21. XRD pattern of Ha-dong PB-Grade ground at 9000 rpm. 122
Fig. 22. XRD pattern of Ha-dong PB-Grade Tailing. 122
Fig. 23. XRD Patterns of blue porcelain dye. 138
Fig. 24. XRD Patterns of green porcelain dye. 138
Fig. 25. XRD Patterns of black porcelain dye. 139
Fig. 26. Experimental Apparatus(Aparatus) diagram of furnace. 141
Fig. 27. Fusion Temperature of Kaolines. 146
Fig. 28. Demolition hardness of kaolin at various sintering temperatures. 147
Fig. 29. Chromaticity diagrams of Sintered Kaolin(Sanchung). 151
Fig. 30. XRD Pattern of sintered Kaolin at 1000℃. 152
Fig. 31. XRD Pattern of sintered Kaolin at 1200℃. 152
Fig. 32. Chromaticity diagrams of Sintered Kaolin(blue). 157
Fig. 33. Chromaticity diagrams of Sintered Kaolin(green). 158
Fig. 34. Chromaticity diagrams of Sintered Kaolin(black). 159
Fig. 35. (001) of R6OH-Mont(이미지참조) a) after more than 48 h exchange time under exchange solution(=sample a)... 181
Fig. 36. (001) of R11OH-Mont(이미지참조) a) after more than 48 h exchange time under exchange solution(=sample a)... 182
Fig. 37. (001) after swelling of R6OH-Mont(이미지참조) a) in water b) in benzonitrile c) in n-decanol d) in methanol e) in nitrobenzene 185
Fig. 38. (001) after swelling of R11OH-Mont(이미지참조) a) in water b) in benzonitrile c) in n-decanol d) in methanol e) in nitrobenzene 186
Fig. 39. XRD-patterns of ODTM-Mont a) after 48 h exchange-time, measured under exchange-solution... 192
Fig. 40. XRD-patterns of HDTM-Mont a) after 48 h exchange-time, measured under exchange-solution... 193
Fig. 41. XRD-patterns after swelling of dried ODTM-Mont a) starting substance, dried in a high vacuum (Fig. 13d) (=sample a)... 196
Fig. 42. XRD-patterns after swelling of dried ODTM-Mont k) sample a) with 2-etyl-pyridine l) sample a) with 4-ethyl-pyridine m) sample a) with 2-vinyl-pyridine n) sample a) with 4-vinyl-pyridine o) sample a) with styrene 197
Fig. 43. XRD-patterns after swelling of dried HDTM-Mont a) starting substance, dried in a high vacuum (Fig. 14d) (=sample a)... 198
Fig. 44. XRD-patterns after swelling of dried HDTM-Mont i) sample a) with 4-ehtyl-pyridine... 199
Photo 1. Optical Micrograph of Dae-myoung WB-Grade Tailing. 95
Photo 2. Optical Micrograph of Dae-myoung WB-Grade Tailing. 95
Photo 3. Optical Micrograph of Dae-myoung PB-Grade Tailing. 105
Photo 4. Optical Micrograph of Dae-myoung PB-Grade Tailing. 105
Photo 5. Optical Micrograph of Ha-dong WB-Grade Tailing. 114
Photo 6. Optical Micrograph of Ha-dong WB-Grade Tailing. 114
Photo 7. Optical Micrograph of Ha-dong PB-Grade Tailing. 123
Photo 8. Optical Micrograph of Ha-dong PB-Grade Tailing. 123
Photo 9. Photograph of Sintering Furnace. 142
Photo 10. Artificial color aggregate at various sintering temperatures(Sanchung). 150
Photo 11. Artificial color aggregate of kaolins. 156