개방형혁신(Open Innovation)이 확산되고 있지만 경영성과(Business Performance)에 직접적인 영향을미치지 않는다는 연구결과도 일부 제시되고 있다. 본 연구는 개방형혁신이 경영성과에 영향을 미치는 과정에서비즈니스모델 혁신(Business Model Innovation)의 매개역할을 실증적으로 분석하였다. 이를 위해 국내 제조기업을대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였고, 유효한 292건의 응답을 구조방정식모형을 이용하여 분석하였다. 분석결과개방형혁신의 두 가지 요인인 지식탐색의 폭과 깊이는 경영성과에 직접적인 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다.
하지만 비즈니스모델 혁신은 경영성과에 직접적인 영향을 주었으며, 개방형혁신은 비즈니스모델 혁신을 매개로경영성과에 유의한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 이는 개방형혁신이 비즈니스모델 혁신을 매개로 경영성과에간접적인 영향을 주고 있음을 의미하며, 동시에 개방형혁신의 요인들이 비즈니스모델 혁신의 선행요인 중 하나로작용함을 시사한다. 이러한 결과는 개방형혁신을 도입하려는 기업들과 학자들에게 유용한 시사점을 제공할 것으로기대된다. 끝으로 본 연구의 한계점과 향후 연구방향을 제시하였다.
Although open innovation is spreading, some research results suggest that it does not directly affect business performance. This study empirically analyzed the mediating role of business model innovation in the process of open innovation influencing business performance. To this end, a survey was conducted targeting domestic manufacturing companies, and 292 valid responses were analyzed using a structural equation model.
As a result of the analysis, it was found that the breadth and depth of knowledge search, two factors of open innovation, do not directly affect business performance. However, it was found that business model innovation had a direct impact on business performance, and open innovation had a significant impact on business performance through business model innovation. These results mean that open innovation has an indirect effect on business performance through the mediating effect of business model innovation, and prove that two open innovation factors act as one of the antecedents of business model innovation.
The significance of the results of this study is as follows. First, by demonstrating that open innovation has a positive effect on business model innovation, it was identified that it is a leading factor.
By revealing that open innovation affects business model innovation, it is possible to give significant implications for companies to promote business model innovation. Second, it can also be meaningful to verify the measurement method of business model innovation, which is still lacking in a clear definition. In other words, it was confirmed that business model innovation, measured based on the three dimensions of business model innovation, value proposition, value creation, and value capture, had a positive effect on management performance. Third, it was demonstrated that business model innovation plays a perfect mediating role between open innovation and management performance. This proves that open innovation activities alone are not enough to improve management performance and that additional value creation activities such as business model innovation are necessary. Fourth, some of the preceding studies argued that open innovation does not affect business performance. Regarding this controversy, this study identified the interaction between open innovation and management performance through empirical analysis.
These results are expected to provide useful implications for scholars and companies seeking to introduce open innovation, and in particular, can provide important implications for strengthening the competitiveness of domestic manufacturing companies with a high proportion of SMEs.
At the last part, the limitations of this study and future research directions were discussed.